2017秋电大开放英语1作业4
管理学 点击： 2012-11-25
2017秋电大开放英语1作业4篇一
南开大学现代远程教育学院考试卷
2016-2017年度秋季学期期末(2017.2) 大学英语（一）
考试形式：撰写课程作业
客观题答题纸：请将1－25题答案填写在如下表格中，否则成绩无效。
完成句子答题纸：请将26－30题答案填写在如下表格中，否则成绩无效。
英译汉答题纸：请将31－35题答案填写在如下表格中，否则成绩无效。
一、单选题（共15小题，每题2分，共计30分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项，请答案填写在“客观题答题纸”上，否则成绩无效。
1. ________ your help, we finished the work on time. A. Thanks C. Thanks for
2. That shop sells ________ shoes and clothes. A. women's C. womens'
3. If you like the trousers, please______. A. try it on
4. My glasses are broken. I will have to buy________. A. a new one C. another one
5. He has________ for two years. Two years ________a long time. A. left home, are
6.Susan’s parents have bought a large house with a swimming pool. It ______ be very expensive. A. must C. mustn’t
7.The meeting will be held in half an hour, but they haven’t got everything ready _______. A. ever C. yet
8.－Why were you late for the meeting this morning? －I _____ my way, so I _____ the first bus. A. lost, lost B. lost, missed
B. Thanks of D. Thanks to
B. women' D. womans'
B. try on it
D. try them on
C. try on them
B. new ones D. a new pair
B. left home, is
C. been away from home, is D. been away from home, are
B. can
D. can’t
B. already
D. still
C. missed, missed
D. missed, lost
this morning. A. isn’t opening C. doesn’t open
10. Is she the door? A. closed C. closing
11.－There is somebody at the door, who _____ it be? Is it the milkman? －No. It _____ be him. It’s just four o’clock. It’s too early. A. will, won’t B. may, can’t C. may, mustn’t D. must, may not
12.The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him.________? A. did they C. did it
13.They’re not very good but we like ________.
A. anyway to play basketball with them B. to play basketball with them anyway C. to play with them basketball anyway D. with them to play basketball anyway
14. Do you know _________ ? A. who is the man B. who the man is C. the man is who D. the man who is
15. I missed the football match last night.-________ A. So I did B. It doesn't matter C. What a pity! D. Neither did I.
二、 阅读理解（共10小题，每题3分，共计30分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D
B. isn’t open D. is opening
B. close
D. closes
B. didn’t they
D. didn’t it
中选出最佳选项，将答案填写在“客观题答题纸”上，否则成绩无效。
Passage A
A friend of mine named Paul received an expensive car from his brother as a Christmas present. On Christmas Eve when Paul came out of his office, a street urchin (顽童) was walking around the shining car. “Is this your car, Paul?” he asked.
Paul answered, “Yes, my brother gave it to me for Christmas.” The boy was surprised. “You mean your brother gave it to you and it didn’t cost you anything? Boy, I wish…”He hesitated (犹豫). Of course Paul knew what he was going to wish for. He was going to wish he had a brother like that. But what the boy said surprised Paul greatly.
“I wish,” the boy went on, “that I could be a brother like that.” Paul looked at the boy in surprise, then he said again, “Would you like to take a ride in my car?”
“Oh yes, I’d love that.”
After a short ride, the boy turned and with his eyes shining, said, “Paul, would you mind driving in front of my house?”
Paul smiled a little. He thought he knew what the boy wanted. He wanted to show his neighbors that he could ride home in a big car. But Paul was wrong again. “Will you stop where those two steps are?” the boy asked.
He ran up to the steps. Then in a short while Paul heard him coming back, but he was not coming fast. He was carrying his little crippled brother. He sat him down on the step and pointed to the car.
“There she is, Buddy, just like I told you upstairs. His brother gave it to him for Christmas and it didn’t cost him a cent. And some day I’m going to give you one just like it …then you can see for yourself all the nice things in the Christmas window that I’ve been trying to tell you about.”
Paul got out and lifted the boy to the front seat of his car. The shining-eyed older brother climbed in beside him and the three of them began an unforgettable holiday ride.
16. The street urchin was very surprised when _______________.
A. Paul received an expensive car B. Paul told him about the car C. he saw the shining car D. he was walking around the car 17. From the story we can see the urchin _______________. A. wished to give his brother a car B. wanted Paul’s brother to give him a car C. wished he could have a brother like Paul D. wished Paul could be a brother like that
18. The urchin asked Paul to stop his car in front of his house ____________. A. to show his neighbors has the big car B. to show he had a rich friend C. to let his brother ride in the car D. to tell his brother about his wish
19. We can infer（推断） from the story that___________. A. Paul couldn’t understand the urchin B. the urchin had a deep love for his brother C. the urchin wished to have a rich brother D. the urchin’s wish came true in the end 20. The best name of the story is____________.
A. A Christmas Present B. A Street Urchin
C. A Brother Like That D. An Unforgettable Holiday Ride
Passage B
Careful and careless are as different as fire and water. But it is strange that quite a few scientists have both these qualities (品质). They are both careful and careless. Newton, the famous English scientist, was such a person.
Once Newton invited a friend to dinner at home. When they were ready to eat, Newton left to get a bottle of wine (洒). But after his friend had waited for a long time, Newton still didn't come back. At last his friend found Newton in his lab. When Newton was going to get the bottle of wine, he suddenly had a new idea for his experiment (实验). So he quite forgot his friend and the dinner. Another time, Newton was leading a horse up a mountain, and held the rein (缰绳) in his hand. While he was walking, he kept thinking about problems. When he got to the top of the mountain, he found that the rein was not in his hand and that the horse was gone.
Einstein was another example. Once he was waiting for a friend at a bridge. While waiting, he became lost in thought. It started to rain. The rain kept on for some time. When he took out a piece of paper to write something down, the paper was wet and then he knew that it was raining. But after he put the paper into his pocket, he attain forgot he was standing in the rain.
21. When Newton and his friend were ready to eat, Newton_______. A. had a new idea for his experiment B. went to do his experiment C. couldn't find his way back D. left to get a bottle of wine 22. Why was the horse gone when Newton got to the top of the mountain?
2017秋电大开放英语1作业4篇二
大学英语(一)-开放英语(1702)
南开大学现代远程教育学院考试卷
2016-2017年度秋季学期期末(2017.2) 大学英语（一）
考试形式：撰写课程作业
客观题答题纸：请将1－25题答案填写在如下表格中，否则成绩无效。
完成句子答题纸：请将26－30题答案填写在如下表格中，否则成绩无效。
英译汉答题纸：请将31－35题答案填写在如下表格中，否则成绩无效。
一、单选题（共15小题，每题2分，共计30分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项，请答案填写在“客观题答题纸”上，否则成绩无效。
1. ________ your help, we finished the work on time. A. Thanks C. Thanks for
2. That shop sells ________ shoes and clothes. A. women's C. womens'
3. If you like the trousers, please______. A. try it on
4. My glasses are broken. I will have to buy________. A. a new one C. another one
5. He has________ for two years. Two years ________a long time. A. left home, are
6.Susan’s parents have bought a large house with a swimming pool. It ______ be very expensive. A. must C. mustn’t
7.The meeting will be held in half an hour, but they haven’t got everything ready _______. A. ever C. yet
8.－Why were you late for the meeting this morning? －I _____ my way, so I _____ the first bus. A. lost, lost B. lost, missed
B. Thanks of D. Thanks to
B. women' D. womans'
B. try on it
D. try them on
C. try on them
B. new ones D. a new pair
B. left home, is
C. been away from home, is D. been away from home, are
B. can
D. can’t
B. already
D. still
C. missed, missed
D. missed, lost
this morning. A. isn’t opening C. doesn’t open
10. Is she the door? A. closed C. closing
11.－There is somebody at the door, who _____ it be? Is it the milkman? －No. It _____ be him. It’s just four o’clock. It’s too early. A. will, won’t B. may, can’t C. may, mustn’t D. must, may not
12.The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him.________? A. did they C. did it
13.They’re not very good but we like ________.
A. anyway to play basketball with them B. to play basketball with them anyway C. to play with them basketball anyway D. with them to play basketball anyway
14. Do you know _________ ? A. who is the man B. who the man is C. the man is who D. the man who is
15. I missed the football match last night.-________ A. So I did B. It doesn't matter C. What a pity! D. Neither did I.{2017秋电大开放英语1作业4}.
二、 阅读理解（共10小题，每题3分，共计30分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D
B. isn’t open D. is opening
B. close
D. closes
B. didn’t they
D. didn’t it
中选出最佳选项，将答案填写在“客观题答题纸”上，否则成绩无效。
Passage A
A friend of mine named Paul received an expensive car from his brother as a Christmas present. On Christmas Eve when Paul came out of his office, a street urchin (顽童) was walking around the shining car. “Is this your car, Paul?” he asked.
Paul answered, “Yes, my brother gave it to me for Christmas.” The boy was surprised. “You mean your brother gave it to you and it didn’t cost you anything? Boy, I wish…”He hesitated (犹豫). Of course Paul knew what he was going to wish for. He was going to wish he had a brother like that. But what the boy said surprised Paul greatly.
“I wish,” the boy went on, “that I could be a brother like that.” Paul looked at the boy in surprise, then he said again, “Would you like to take a ride in my car?”
“Oh yes, I’d love that.”
After a short ride, the boy turned and with his eyes shining, said, “Paul, would you mind driving in front of my house?”
Paul smiled a little. He thought he knew what the boy wanted. He wanted to show his neighbors that he could ride home in a big car. But Paul was wrong again. “Will you stop where those two steps are?” the boy asked.
He ran up to the steps. Then in a short while Paul heard him coming back, but he was not coming fast. He was carrying his little crippled brother. He sat him down on the step and pointed to the car.
“There she is, Buddy, just like I told you upstairs. His brother gave it to him for Christmas and it didn’t cost him a cent. And some day I’m going to give you one just like it …then you can see for yourself all the nice things in the Christmas window that I’ve been trying to tell you about.”
Paul got out and lifted the boy to the front seat of his car. The shining-eyed older brother climbed in beside him and the three of them began an unforgettable holiday ride.
16. The street urchin was very surprised when _______________.
A. Paul received an expensive car B. Paul told him about the car C. he saw the shining car D. he was walking around the car 17. From the story we can see the urchin _______________. A. wished to give his brother a car B. wanted Paul’s brother to give him a car C. wished he could have a brother like Paul D. wished Paul could be a brother like that
18. The urchin asked Paul to stop his car in front of his house ____________. A. to show his neighbors has the big car B. to show he had a rich friend C. to let his brother ride in the car D. to tell his brother about his wish
19. We can infer（推断） from the story that___________. A. Paul couldn’t understand the urchin B. the urchin had a deep love for his brother C. the urchin wished to have a rich brother D. the urchin’s wish came true in the end 20. The best name of the story is____________.
A. A Christmas Present B. A Street Urchin
C. A Brother Like That D. An Unforgettable Holiday Ride
Passage B
Careful and careless are as different as fire and water. But it is strange that quite a few scientists have both these qualities (品质). They are both careful and careless. Newton, the famous English scientist, was such a person.
Once Newton invited a friend to dinner at home. When they were ready to eat, Newton left to get a bottle of wine (洒). But after his friend had waited for a long time, Newton still didn't come back. At last his friend found Newton in his lab. When Newton was going to get the bottle of wine, he suddenly had a new idea for his experiment (实验). So he quite forgot his friend and the dinner. Another time, Newton was leading a horse up a mountain, and held the rein (缰绳) in his hand. While he was walking, he kept thinking about problems. When he got to the top of the mountain, he found that the rein was not in his hand and that the horse was gone.
Einstein was another example. Once he was waiting for a friend at a bridge. While waiting, he became lost in thought. It started to rain. The rain kept on for some time. When he took out a piece of paper to write something down, the paper was wet and then he knew that it was raining. But after he put the paper into his pocket, he attain forgot he was standing in the rain.
21. When Newton and his friend were ready to eat, Newton_______. A. had a new idea for his experiment B. went to do his experiment C. couldn't find his way back D. left to get a bottle of wine 22. Why was the horse gone when Newton got to the top of the mountain?
2017秋电大开放英语1作业4篇三
2017年高考英语一轮复习 Unit 4 Sharing课时作业 新人教版选修7
Unit 4 Sharing
Ⅰ.完形填空
体裁：夹叙夹议 话题：情感 词数：255 时间：17′
Each spring brings a new blossom of wildflowers in the ditch(沟) along the highway I travel daily to work. There is one particular blue flower that has always__1__ my eye.I've noticed that it blooms only in the morning hours，the__2__ sun is too warm for it.
This spring，I__3__ a wildflower garden in our yard.I can look out of the__4__ window while doing the dishes and see the flowers.I've often thought that those__5__ blue flowers from the__6__ would look great in that bed alongside other wild flowers.Every day I__7__ past the flowers__8__，“I'll stop my car on my way home and dig them.” Whatever the reason，I__9__stopped to dig them.My husband even gave me a folding__10__ one year for my trunk to be used for that expressed__11__．
One day on my way home from work，I was__12__ to see that the highway department had__13__ the grass and the pretty__14__ flowers were gone.I thought to myself，“I should have done it when I first saw them__15__ this spring.” A week ago we were__16__ and saddened to learn that my oldest sister－in－law has a brain cancer.She is 20 years older than my husband and__17__，because of age and distance，we haven't been as__18__ as we all would have liked.I couldn't help but see the__19__ between the pretty blue flowers and the relationship between my husband's sister and us.
And yes，if I see the blue flowers again，you can bet I'll stop and__20__ them to my wildflower garden.
1．A.brought B．caught C．hurt D．damaged
答案 B [catch one's eye“引起某人的注意”，这种特别的蓝色的花引起了“我”的注意。其他选项不符合句子意思。]
2．A.morning
C．daybreak B．evening D．afternoon
答案 D [用afternoon与前面的morning作对比。这种花只在上午开放，下午阳光太 1
强烈。]
3．A.started B．planted C．ploughed D．buried
答案 A [start含有“开创；建立”之意。作者在院子里开辟了一个小花园。]
4．A.bedroom
C．kitchen B．sitting room D．living room
答案 C [下文的while doing the dishes说明作者可以通过厨房的窗子看到花园里的花。]
5．A.lovely
C．terrible B．ugly D．frightening
答案 A [根据下文的and the pretty ________ flowers were gone可知这些花非常漂亮。]
6．A.garden
C．highway B．ditch D．department
答案 B [作者想象着从沟里挖来的花与其他的花在一起会显得很漂亮。下文的想在回家的路上从沟里挖这些花给出了提示。]
7．A.walked B．ran C．rolled D．drove
答案 D [下文的I'll stop my car on my way home and dig them说明作者是开车上班。]
8．A.thinking
C．explaining B．reminding D．expressing
答案 A [作者在开车经过这些花时会想到下班回家的路上挖这些花。其他选项不符合句意。]
9．A.ever B．even C．never D．still
答案 C [作者从未真正去挖这些花，才造成了后来的遗憾。]
10．A.seat B．bike
C．shovel D．scissors 答案 C [因为作者想挖这些花，所以她的丈夫给了她一把折叠的铲子。]
C．purchase D．purpose 11．A.program B．dream
答案 D [作者的丈夫给作者折叠的铲子的目的是为了那个明确的“目的”，即挖那些
漂亮的花。]
12．A.glad
B．sad 2
C．delighted D．joyful 答案 B [因为自己喜欢的花不见了，所以作者很悲伤。]
B．sold out
D．held up 13．A.cut down
C．set up 答案 A [cut down“砍掉”；sell out“卖光”；set up“建立”；hold up“推迟；
耽搁”。根据句子意思可知，作者伤心是因为花被砍光了。]
14．A.yellow B．white
C．blue D．red 答案 C [上文的I've often thought that those__5__ blue flowers给出了提示。]
B．dying
D．improving 15．A.blooming
C．developing 答案 A [作者后悔的是没有在当初这些花开的时候挖一些。]
C．shocked D．concerned 16．A.bored B．tired
答案 C [根据后面的saddened可知，作者听到丈夫的姐姐得了癌症后是很震惊的。]
B．completely
D．unfortunately 17．A.luckily
C．generally 答案 D [根据下文的because of age and distance，we haven't been as __18__ as
we all would have liked可知，作者认为年龄大和距离远的缘故亲人之间没有太多的亲近是不幸的。]
18．A.talent B．close
答案 B [解析同上。] C．satisfied D．obvious
19．A.connection
C．engagement B．argument D．exploration 答案 A [作者通过上面的描述，仿佛看到了该挖而未挖的花与亲朋之间那种该亲近而
未亲近的联系。]
20．A.operate
C．transplant B．intend D．appreciate 答案 C [transplant“移植”。上文讲到作者后悔没能及时挖那些花种在花园里，所
以作者想到如果以后再看到这些蓝色的花一定会移植到自己的花园里。]
Ⅱ.阅读理解
体裁：说明文 话题：情感—自我价值 词数：349 时间：8′
3
If you're a high school student，you may tend to measure your self－worth based on your popularity and status.You may feel dejected or disappointed if you have a difficult time fitting in or if you lack the confidence to talk to others.If you want others to like you，you'll need to have a healthy understanding of how people think，what appeals to them and how you can gain their approval.There are four tips on how to be popular in high school.And if you are popular with your classmates，you can get many benefits from it.
You must be yourself in order to gain any real popularity in high school.While imitation is the sincerest form of flattery(奉承)，copying another's style and personality will have a negative effect on your popularity.If you're not comfortable enough to be yourself 100 percent of the time，others won't feel comfortable around you.If you establish your own style and finesse and stay true to yourself，popularity will soon follow.
Make yourself approachable to appeal to others and be popular in high school.People love to be around others who are confident and ready to have a good time.Hold your head up high，keep your shoulders back，and smile as you walk with an air of confidence to instantly attract others and boost your popularity.
Be friendly and kind to everyone you meet.It's not enough to gain the approval of the other popular students in your school.In order to gain real popularity，you'll need to be kind and polite to everyone you meet.Make an effort to talk to your classmates regardless of their popularity or economic status and try to develop friendships with them.The more people you appeal to，the more popular you'll become.
Involve yourself in school activities that interest you.You can be popular in high school if you play an active role in your school's extracurricular activities(课外活动)．The more you participate in group activities，the more popular you'll become.
21．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A．How to Establish Your Own Lifestyle. B．Tips on How to Be Popular in High School. C．Ways to Gain Confidence in Your School Life. D．How to Develop Friendships with Your Classmates. 4
答案 B [主旨大意题。本文对如何在中学阶段受到欢迎提出了四点建议。文章第一段
中的There are four tips on how to be popular in high school.提示了本题答案。其它选项不能涵盖文章的主旨。故选项B正确。]
22．The underlined word “dejected” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________．
A．excited C．desperate B．frightened D．depressed 答案 D [词义猜测题。由画线单词后面的．..or disappointed if you have a
difficult time fitting in or if you lack the confidence to talk to others.知道，画线单词应该与disappointed同义，故排除A和B项，C项意为“绝望的”，不符合句意。故正确选项应该是D，depressed意为“沮丧的”，符合句意。]
23．It can be known from the passage that ________．
A．setting up your own style and personality will benefit your popularity B．the first step to be popular is to show your pride to your classmates C．if you want to be popular you should only make friends with popular students D．taking part in extracurricular activities goes against one's popularity 答案 A [推理判断题。根据第二段中的．..copying another's style and personality
will have a negative effect on your popularity.以及If you establish your own style and finesse and stay true to yourself，popularity will soon follow.可知，建立自己的风格和品格有利于使自己受到欢迎。故选项A正确。]
24．The passage is probably followed by a paragraph about ________．
A．some other ways to become popular B．the negative effect of popularity C．the examples of famous people D．the benefits of being popular 答案 D [推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，在学校里受到同学们的欢迎可以带
来很多好处，而文章中没有谈到这些好处，故在接下来的一段中，作者可能会谈到受欢迎带来的好处。故选项D正确。]
Ⅲ.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
One morning，I was waiting at the bus stop，worried about __25__ (be) late for school.
5
2017秋电大开放英语1作业4篇四
2017年上海宝山区初三一模语文试题(附答案)
2017年宝山区初三一模语文试题
一、文言文阅读（40分）
（一）默写（15分）
1、会当凌绝顶，。（杜甫《望岳》）
2、，芳草萋萋鹦鹉洲。（崔颢《黄鹤楼》）
3、，身世浮沉雨打萍。（文天祥《过零丁洋》）
4、盖一岁之犯死者二焉，。（柳宗元《捕蛇者说》）
5、其西南诸峰，。（欧阳修《醉翁亭记》）
（二）阅读下面的诗，完成第6-7题。（4分）
钱塘湖春行
孤山寺北贾亭西，水面初平云脚低。
几处早莺争暖树，谁家新燕啄春泥。
乱花渐欲迷人眼，浅草才能没马蹄。
最爱湖东行不足，绿杨阴里白沙堤。
6、这首诗题目的意思是（2分）
7、下列理解正确的一项是（ ）（2分）
A.“初平”写出湖水已与堤岸平行。
B.“争”与“啄”写出了莺燕们争斗的样子。
C.“乱花”表明诗人被繁花竞相开放迷惑。
D.“不足”表明诗人对所见景象感到不满。
（三）阅读下文，完成第8-10题。（9分）
为学
1天下事有难易乎？为之，则难者亦易矣；不为，则易者亦难矣。人之为学有难易乎？学之，则难者○
亦易矣；不学，则易者亦难矣。
2蜀之鄙有二僧，其一贫，其一富。贫者语于富者曰：“吾欲之南海，何如？ ○
3富者曰：“子何恃而往？” ○
4曰：“吾一瓶一钵足矣。 ○
5富者曰：“吾数年来欲买舟而下，犹未能也。子何恃而往！” ○
6越明年，贫者自南海还，以告富者。富者有惭色。 ○
7西蜀之去南海，不知几千里也，僧富者不能至而贫者至焉。人之立志，顾不如蜀鄙之僧哉？ ○
8、选文中讲述了“蜀鄙二僧之南海”的故事，其结局是（3分）（用自己的语句概括回答）
9、选文告诉我们的道理是（ ）（3分）
A. 凡事都要实践。B. 凡事都要立志。
C. 立志而为才能成功。D. 财富未必带来成功。
10、（1）“子何恃而往”一句反复出现了两次。前一次表现了富者 的态度，
后一次表现了富者的的态度。
（2）贫者“ ”的话语，表现了他面对困难的勇气。（3分）
（四）阅读下文，完成第11-14题（12分）
李郃观变
○3窦宪纳妻，天下郡国皆有礼庆。汉中郡亦当遣吏，户曹 李郃谏曰：“窦将军椒房之亲，不修德礼．○1○2
而专权骄恣，危亡之祸，可翘足而待；愿明府一心王室，勿与交通。”太守固遣之，郃不能止，请求自行，○4许之。郃遂所在迟留以观其变，行至扶风而宪就国。凡交通者皆坐免官，汉中太守独不与焉。 ．
1窦宪：东汉人贵族，窦皇后的哥哥。倚仗权势，横行不法。下文“宪就国”指他被罢免后回到自己的封○
2郡国：行政区域名称。下文“明府”是对郡守的尊称。 ○3户曹:古官职名称.。 ○4扶风：古地名。 国。 ○
11、对文中加点字“当”“坐”两字，依次解释完全正确的是（ ）（3分）
A.将要 坐下 B.将要 获罪 C.面对 获罪 D. 面对 坐下
12、用现代汉语翻译文中的画线句,注意加点词语的含义。（3分）
请求自行，取之。
13、选文中的“交通者”，指的是那些人。（用自己的语句概括回答）（2分）
14、（1）李郃阻止太守送礼的主要原因有两点： 其一是窦宪不修德礼而专权骄恣；
其二是（用自己的语句概括回答）（2分）
（2）“李郃观变”的目的是（用自己的语句概括回答）（2分）
二、现代文（40分）
（一）阅读下文，完成第15-19题（18分）
我们能在梦里背单词吗？
①你是不是也有过这样的经历：白天学习的数学公式和推导过程，晚上出现在梦中，让你和数学题大战300回合；白天练习过英语对话，梦中你就可以非常流利地和外国人交谈，通常我们会称这种现象为“日．．．．
有所思，夜有所梦”。最近，科学家对这种现象做了进一步研究，结果发现，做梦真的可以帮助我们学习和记忆新学的知识，梦中的你的确是在学习的。
2睡眠的过程分成不同的脑电波阶段：非快速眼动睡眠，此时脑电波为慢波；快速眼动睡眠，此时脑○
电波频率较快。其中做梦是处于快速眼动睡眠状态，也就是我们俗称的深度睡眠时期。正常人入睡时先进入浅睡，即非快速眼动睡眠阶段，然后再进入做梦阶段，从入睡到做梦阶段为一个睡眠周期，一般一夜睡眠经历4～5个睡眠周期的交替。
3当然，我们仅仅知道做梦时怎么回事，还不足以解决问题。最近，神经科学家埃林和罗伯特找了一○
些哈佛大学的本科生进行了如下实验：他们让这些学生在电脑前坐45分钟，玩一个迷宫游戏。在迷宫中，研究者将一个特定的对象设为终点，让学生们记住，然后让他们从迷宫里一个随意的点出发，找到到达终点的途径，做完游戏之后，学生们被分为两组，一组人去睡觉，一组人则留下来看录像。研究者利用脑电技术探测了睡觉组的大脑活动，之后在一个做梦周期结束时叫醒他们一次，问他们梦到了什么，或者在他们睡完午睡醒来之后问他们做梦的情况。接着对两组人再进行一次迷宫游戏的测试，结果表明，在测试中，睡觉组相对于不睡觉组更快地找到了特定目标，其中还有4位同学做梦梦到了迷宫，他们找到特定目标的速度是其他睡觉组成员的10倍！做梦促进了他们的学习和记忆。
4对于上述研究，研究者有进一步的解释。研究发现，做梦能够导致记忆的再激活。因为梦的周期正○
好对应着神经同步的增强期，此时大量的神经元能够被同时激活，从而提高对特定事物的记忆。在上述研究中，罗伯特等人就注意到，被试者的梦并不仅是对刚学习过的迷宫经验的精确重现，还激活了相似的经验。比如，其中的一个学生不仅梦到了迷宫的影像，而且梦到了自己几年前在一个蝙蝠洞探险的经历。这表明，大脑在做梦的时候不仅激活了某个学习经验，还再激活了相关的学习经验。美国西北大学肯〃帕勒的研究团队也有相似的发现，如果先给被试者建立一种声音和一幅图的联结，并在其做梦的时候（快波睡眠时期）播放这种声音，之后被试者对那幅画的记忆也会增强。
5这些研究成果得到的结论让人惊喜，尤其对于学习第二语言的人来说，做梦的促进效应将非常有用。○
我们都知道，学习外语是通过建立外语词汇和母语词汇的联结来完成的，那么我们试想一下，在白天背了一些单词和单词的中文释义之后，做梦时在你耳边重复中文释义是不是会有效提高单词的记忆效果呢？懒人们仿佛听到了福音把闹钟关掉！让我把梦做完，我要多背一些单词哦！ ．．
15、第①段中加点词语“这种现象”指的是的现象。
（用自己的语句概括回答）（2分）
3段中的内容理解，下列不正确的一项是（ ）（2分） 16、对第○
A.实验者被分成两组做实验。B.实验者做了两次游戏测试。
C.实验者都是哈佛大学的学生。D.实验研究者只研究了睡觉组。
17、画线句“被试者对那幅画的记忆也会增强”的条件是（4分）
5段中，（1）将画线句改成意思相符的陈述句，应该是_______________________________ 18、第○
（2）加点词语“仿佛”不能删去的理由是（4分） ________________ _
3、○4段能否互换？为什么？（4分） 19、第○
________________ _ ________________ _
（二）阅读下文，完成第20-24题（22分）
我家的猫和老鼠
毕飞宇
①我有两个姐姐，大姐长我6 岁，二姐只比我大一岁半。我们是在无休无止的吵闹和绵延不断的争斗中长大成人的。我们姐弟三个就像鼎立的三国，在交战的同时不停地结盟、宣战，宣战、结盟。真是天下大势，分久必合，合久必分。当然了，我们的“分合”都是以小时作为时间单位的。上午我刚刚和我的二姐同仇敌忾，一起讨伐我的大姐，而午饭过后，一切都好好的，我的二姐却突然和大姐结成了统一战线，一起向她们的弟弟宣战了。
2总体说来，她们联合起来对付我的时候要多一些，因为父母多少有些偏心，对我格外好一些。这个○
我是知道的，在事态扩大、弄到父母那里“评理”的时候，父母虽说各打五十大板，但板子里头就有了轻与重的分别。比方说，在严厉地批评了我们之后，我的母亲总要教导我的两个姐姐：“他比你们小哎，让着一点哎。”对我就不一样了，母亲说：“下次不许这样了。”口气虽然凶，但说的是“下次”，“这一次”呢，当然就算了，事情到此结束。这在我是非常合算的买卖，因为“下次”是无穷无尽的。假如我的两个姐姐联起手来和我作对，在多数情况下，她们差不多就是那个叫“汤姆”的猫，而我则是老鼠“杰瑞”。我们家几乎每天都有美国卡通《猫和老鼠》式的故事，小姐俩气势凶凶的，占尽了优势，恨不得一脚就把她们的弟弟踢到太平洋里去，然而，到后来吃尽苦头的始终是她们。
3我们为什么吵呢？为什么斗呢？不为什么。倘若一定要找一个符合逻辑的理由，那只能是为吵而吵、○
为斗而斗。举一个例子吧，比方说，现在正在吃饭，我和我的二姐坐在一条凳子上，不声不响地扒饭，这样的饭吃起来就有点无趣，为了打破这种沉闷的局面，在二姐伸筷子去夹咸菜的时候，我会用我的筷子把她的筷子夹住，二姐不动生色，突然抽出筷子又夹我的。噼噼啪啪的战争就这样开始了。母亲突然干咳一声，一切又安静了。所争夺的咸菜到底被谁夹走，并不重要，重要的是母亲的那一声干咳究竟落在哪一个节拍上，这全靠你的运气，有点像击鼓传花。如果咸菜归我，即使我并不想吃，我也会像叼着了天鹅肉，嚼得吧唧吧唧的，二姐的脸上就会有一脸的失败。反过来，二姐要是赢了，她会把咸菜含在嘴里，悄无声息地望着屋梁，那是胜利的眼神，赢了的眼神，内中的自明得意是不必说的。
4我们姐弟三个现在都已人到中年。我长年在外，节日里偶尔团聚，我们谈得最多的恰恰是少年时期○
的“战争往事”，谈起来就笑声不断。这一点是我们始料不及的。有一次我把话题转了，说起了姐姐们对我的好处来：我6岁的那一年得了肾炎，不能走动，每天都由我的父亲背到五六里外的彭家庄去，注射青霉素和庆大霉素。有一次是我的大姐背我去的，那时候她其实也只是一个 12 岁的孩子，又瘦又小。她在那个晴朗的冬日背着我，步行了10多里地。快到家的时候大姐终于支持不住了，腿一软，姐弟两个顺着大堤的陡坡一直滚到了河边。我并没有摔着，反而开心极了，大姐满头满脸都是汗，她惊慌地拉起我，第一句话就是：“不能告诉爸妈。”这件事都过去30年了，可它时不时会窜到我的脑子里来。出乎我意料的是，随着年纪的增长，我回忆起来一次就感动一次。12岁的大姐，冬天里一头的汗，惊恐的眼神——我不知道我为什么在人到中年之后反而为这件事伤恸不已。那一回过年我说起了这件事，我并没有说完，大姐的眼眶突然红了，说：“多少年了，怎么说起这个，你怎么还记得这个呢。”大姐显然也记得的，不然她不会那样。她把话题重又拉回到吵闹的事情上去了。
5这样的吵闹本身就设臵了一个温暖的前提：我们能够，我们可以。我们幼小的内心世界也许就是在○
一次又一次的“打斗”中拓宽开来、丰富起来的。时过境迁之后，我们意外地发现，兄弟姐妹之间的许多东西也许并不能构成我们的日常生活，它反而是隐匿的，疏于表达的。然而，它却格外地切肤，有一种打断骨头连着筋的牵扯。美国人通过《猫和老鼠》的卡通形象向全世界的少儿表达了这样一种典范人生：打吧，吵吧，闹吧，可你们永远是兄弟，永远是姐妹——你们永远不能生活在一起，但你们谁也不能离开谁。
6我的儿子最喜欢我的侄女，他们在一起玩的时候几乎就是猫和老鼠，不是追逐，就是打闹。可是，○
他们毕竟天各一方。在他的姐姐和他说再见的时候，他漆黑的瞳孔是多么孤独，多么忧伤。我多么希望能做我儿子的好兄弟，和他争抢一块饼干、一个角落或一支蜡笔。但我的儿子显得相当勉强，因为他的爸爸后背上都起鸡皮疙瘩了，就是学不像一个孩子。
20、下列没有错别字的是（ ）（3分）
A.同仇敌忾 B.气势凶凶 C.不动生色 D.自明得意
2、○3段的内容理解不正确的是（ ）（3分） 21、对第○
A.交代“我家的猫和老鼠”具体所指的对象。
B.解释“我家的猫和老鼠”吵闹争斗的理由。
C.表明父母的“教导”和“裁判”无法解决我们姐弟间的吵闹争斗。
D.表达“我”和姐姐们吵闹争斗获胜后无法掩饰的内心的喜悦之情。
4段中具体事件发生的时间是；相关的人物有； 22、第○
发生的过程是；最终的结果是。（6分）
23、说说本文题目的妙处是（4分） ________________ _ ________________ _
6段内容已经与“我的姐姐们”无关，作者写本段的意图是什么？（6分） 24、第○
________________ _ ________________ _
三、综合运用（10分）
阅读下面材料，完成第25-26题。
材料一:在诗词中引用历史上的故事，或借用古籍中的诗句，叫做“用典”。这些被引用的历史故事或古籍中的诗句，被叫做“典故”。使用典故，是古诗词常用的一种手法，使用典故能够增加表达的内涵，增添语言的厚重感和趣味性。
材料二:史记记载，班超少年时就有远大志向，在家孝顺勤谨，辛苦操劳，班超常为官府抄书挣钱养家，长期抄写，劳苦不堪。有一次他扔下手中的笔，感叹道：“大丈夫应该立下大功，以得到封侯，怎么能一辈子在笔砚之间忙碌呢？”
（均摘自上海教育出版社出版的《语文》八（上），有删改）
25、（1）根据“材料一”，使用典故的好处是。（2分）
（2）“材料二”涉及的典故出处是《》（书名），陆游在《诉衷情》中“当年万里觅封侯”，就是借用这个典故表达了。后人用成语概括这个典故。（4分）
26、下列在诗词中未用典故的是（ ）多项选择。（4分）
A.到乡翻似烂柯人 B.水光潋滟晴方好 C.孤蓬万里征
D.黄衣使者白衫儿E.怀旧空吟闻笛赋F.但余钟磬音
四、写作（60分）
27、题目：我的新体验
要求：（1）写一篇600字左右的文章。 （2）不得透露个人相关信息。
（3）不得抄袭本试卷中的阅读材料。 （4）请注意字迹端正，卷面整洁。
2017年宝山区初三一模〃语文参考答案
一、文言文阅读（40分）
（一）（15分）
1.一览众山小