2017攀枝花中考英语作文

管理学  点击:   2012-08-21

2017攀枝花中考英语作文篇一

攀枝花市中考英语

育才学社培训学校7.1.3战队精品班(选用题)

攀枝花市高中阶段教育学校招生统一考试

第一节:单项选择。(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)

从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项,并标在答题卡上的相应位置。

21. France is ______ European country, India is _______ Asian country. A. a; the

—______.

A. With pleasure B. It’s a pleasure C. Have a good time D. Not at all 23. It’s said that more than 100 _________ will attend this meeting in Shanghai.

A. man teachers C. men teachers

A. on

B. woman teachers D. womans teachers

C. by

D. with

B. the; an

C. a; an

D. an; an

22. —Would you please carry the heavy box for me?

24. Usually he writes in ink and writes _______ his left hand.

B. in

25. He didn’t tell me _______.

A. where he bought the new computer

B. where did he buy the new computer

C. where he buys the new computer D. where does he buy the new computer 26. Dr. Green says that these children may find _______hard to think for themselves when they are older.

A. that

B. it

C. one

D. them

27. —Look! The lights in the teachers’ office are still on. Is Mr. Li working?

—No. It _______ be Mr. Li. I saw him leave just now. A. may not

A. to pierce

B. mustn’t B. pierced

C. can’t C. piercing

D. needn’t D. pierce

28. Sixteen-year-olds shouldn’t be allowed to get their ears__________. 29. Shanghai is _______ one of the two cities.

A. the larger B. larger C. the largest 30. —I don’t know if Dr. White _______ to the party next week?

—I think he will come if he ________ free.

A. comes; will be A. improve

B. will come; will be B. to improve

C. comes; is C. improving

D. will come; is D. improved D. study

31. Students should do everything they can ________ their study. 32. Mary with her sisters ________ Chinese in China. A. are studying B. have studied C. is studying 33. —David has made great progress recently.

—________, and ________.

A. So he has; so have you C. So has he; so you have

B. So he has; so you have D. So has he; so have you

D. largest

34. Would you mind closing the window to stop the wind _______ the papers away.

A. blow C. to blow

B. from blowing D. of blowing

35. Let’s go somewhere interesting to relax ourselves, ______?

A. do we

B. don’t we

C. will you

D. shall we

第二节:完形填空。(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)

先通读下面两段短文,读懂大意,然后从后面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选择可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项,并标在答题卡上的相应位置。

(A)

Once a Frenchman in England. He didn’t know English very well. One day he went to the post office with a postcard. He bought a . Then he gave the stamp and the postcard to the girl the desk. “Oh, no,” the girl said, “ you must stick(贴)the stamp on yourself.” He was very . He couldn’t believe his ears. “Why must I stick the stamp on ?” he asked. “Oh,” said the girl, “I mean that you must stick the stamp on the postcard. And you must do it yourself.” 36. A. live

B. lives B. stamp B. on

(B)

A teenage girl couldn’t stand(忍受)her family rules, so she left home.

She wanted to be a star and became famous. But she had a little education and years later, she had to ask for food on the street for a living. Now her father has died. Her mother Everywhere she goes, she a big photo of her daughter on the wall. At the lower part of the photo she writes, “I still love you …Come back home!”

One day, the daughter saw one of the photos. She was so surprised that she couldn’t believe her “Is that me?” She moved and read the words, “I still love you…” She cried. She couldn’t wait back home. When she got home, it was early morning. She pushed the door. The door opened itself. She rushed to the bedroom at once. Her mother was sleeping there. She her mother up, “It’s me! Your daughter is back home!” The mother and daughter looked at each other with excitement, full of happy tears. The daughter asked, “is the door unlocked? A thief could get in.” The mother answered softly, “The door has never locked you left. We miss you all the time. We believe that you’ll come back some day.”

As everyone knows, parents love their children forever. Children should also understand their parents and share their happiness, sadness, even everything with their parents. this way,

C. living

D. lived D. paper D. under D. happy D. himself

37. A. postcard 38. A. in

C. envelope C. at C. tired C. herself

39. A. surprised 40. A. yourself

B. well B. myself{2017攀枝花中考英语作文}.

both parents and children can be happy. 41. A. a little

B. a few

C. much

D. many D. looking up D. makes up D. head D. away D. to go D.

waking

42. A. looking for 43. A. sets on 44. A. eyes

B. looking after B. puts up

C. looking at C. cuts up C. nose C. closer C. to gone

B. ears B. further B. go

45. A. farther 46. A. going 47. A. wake

B. wakes C. woke

48. A. what 49. A. since 50. A. with

B. who B. for B. in

C. when C. before C. by

D. why D. unless D. on

第三部分: 阅读理解。(共20 小题;每小题2分,满分40分)

阅读下面的文章和表格,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在答题卡上的相应位置。

(A)

APPLICATION FOR EMPLOYMENT

(求职申请)

Name Harry Smith

Address 4224 Maple Avenue Oakland, California Telephone number 555-1660

51. What did Harry Smith do in 2001?

A. An English teacher. C. A secretary.

B. A book seller. D. A gatekeeper.

52. If you want to know more about Harry Smith, you can call ________.

A. 4224-1660 B. 555-1666 C. 4224-1666 D. 555-1660

53. Where did Harry Smith work in 2009?

A. In New York.

B. In California.{2017攀枝花中考英语作文}.

C. In Massachusetts. D. In Washington D.C.

54. In 2002, the yearly pay Harry Smith got from his work was ________.

A. $20,800

B. $ 10,400

C. $ 27,500

D. $55,000

55. Harry Smith left Ames Bookstore to work in ________ in Massachusetts.

A. a high school

B. a bookstore

(B)

What would you do if a stranger gave you some medicine and said it would keep you slim or help you do well in exams? Would you take it?

Students at Shenzhen Luohu Foreign Language Middle School have learned to keep themselves safe by saying “no”. In fact, what those strangers want to give them are drugs(毒品). Drugs are dangerous to your health!

“Because teens don’t know much about drugs, they might want to try them.” said Zhang Dongsheng, the director of Shenzhen Drug Control Office.

Now, many schools arrange(安排)courses or organize some activities to help students know about drugs.

Liang, 16, was a good student before trying drugs. One day, some old friends told him it would be fun. After taking drugs only once, he found it very hard to stop. Liang began to spend all his time and money on drugs. Soon, he stopped going to school and started stealing(偷窃). In the end, he was put in prison.

In China, taking drugs is becoming a big problem for teens. According to a survey, about one million people in China were using illegal(违法)drugs last year, and 72% of them were young people. Worse still, there are about 10,000 drug users under 16 now.

Zhang has some good advice on . He said, “Drugs are dangerous. Never try them, even if you’re curious! It is the most important for you to keep safe and healthy.” 56. Which statement is right about drugs?

A. Drugs do harm to your health. B. Drugs help you do well in exams. C. Drugs keep you slim and lovely. D. Drugs make you stay well.

57. According to this passage, many schools arrange courses or some activities to ________ now.

A. know more about cigarettes C. know about drugs

B. relax

D. learn some Chinese culture C. a factory

D. a company

58. Teens want to try drugs because __________.

A. they are 18 years old

B. they are curious about drugs

C. they have enough money D. they know about the harm of drugs

59. From Liang’s story, we can know that it is not __________ to give up drugs even if one tries only once.

A. easy B. hard C. foolish D. possible

60. What does the phrase A. Being clean and tidy. B. Keeping clothes clean. C. Wearing clean clothes. D. Staying away from drugs.

(C)

When I was seven years old, my family made me an ant farm. First, we put clean sand in a

thin glass box. Then we waited for the ants to arrive.

After the ants were in the glass farm, they started to make tunnels(地道). I was amazed that each one knew exactly what to do. Each had its own job.

On the fifth day a tragedy(悲剧)happened. I put my face so close to the glass farm that I knocked it over. All the tunnels fell down. Although the ants remained alive after their earthquake, one by one they began to die. I was scared as I watched them give up building their tunnels to carry the bodies to a corner of the farm.

My mother said that the ants were dying of sadness. They simply could not stand that their tunnels were gone.

Although much time has passed, I still think of that ant farm. Mom had hoped it would teach me about the natural world, but it taught me much more.

Over the years, I came to realize the importance of teamwork. Working together, the ants were able to make an amazing world for themselves. I also learned that they should be admired(钦佩)for their hard work.

But there was an even larger lesson that I did not realize until recently: Adversity(逆境)is a natural part of life, and must be accepted. Unlike the ants, we cannot give up when we are sad. We have to realize that if a tunnel is gone, we must build another.

Giving up, I say, is not a good choice.

61. What did the writer’s family do for him when he was seven?

A. They built a farm of ants. C. They caught a lot of ants.

B. They bought a few ants. D. They found an ant city.

62. Which statement is WRONG according to the passage?

A. The writer knocked the glass box over because he put his face so close to the glass farm. B. The ants didn’t die one by one after the tunnels were destroyed. C. Like people, teamwork is very important for the ants. D. Giving up isn’t a good way when we meet trouble. 63. Among the following events, which one happened first?

A. All the tunnels fell down. B. The ants died one by one.

C. The ants got into the glass box. D. The ants began making tunnels. 64. What did the writer learn from the ant tragedy a few years later?

A. Working together is useless. B. Teamwork is important.

2017攀枝花中考英语作文篇二

攀枝花2016届高三一统英语参考答案

攀枝花市高2016届高三第一次统考

英语参考答案

{2017攀枝花中考英语作文}.

第一部分 听力(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分。)

1-5CABBA

第二部分 6-10CBBCA 11-15AACBC 16-20ABACB 阅读理解(共2节,满分40分。)

24-27ACBA 28-31ADDB 32-35CDAD 第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分。) 21-23BCC

第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分。)

36. 38. 39. 40.

第三部分 英语知识运用(共2节,满分45分。)

第一节

第二节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分。) 46-50CACBA 51-55CDDCA

64. it 56-60CBCAB 65. frightened

70. about 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分。) 63. living 67. how 68. possibility 69. wonderful 41-45DADDB 61. carefully 62. comes 66. moving

第四部分 写作(共两节,满35分。)

第一节:短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分。)

Last Tuesday, an old craftsman us a lesson on how to make dough figurines (面人). When the craftsman taught

came into the classroom, we gave him a warm with

showed us the basic steps skills of making dough figurines. We stood around him and watched attentively. Then and

we started to have ∧ try ourselves. The old man walked around and helped a us

figurines we made on the table and took with the old craftsman. We were all very excited 删去 pictures looking figurines. We hope we can have many

第二节:书面表达(共1小题;满分25分)

范文略)

书面表达评分细则

1、本题总分为25分,按5个档次给分。

2、评分时,先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次,然后以该档次的要求来衡量,确定或调整档

次,最后给分。

3、词数少于90和多于120的,从总分中减去2分。

4、评分时,应注意的主要内容为:内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性及上下文的连贯性,

根据表达内容的层次适当分段及语言的得体性。{2017攀枝花中考英语作文}.

5、拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面。评分时,应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写

及词汇用法均可接受。

6、如书写较差,以至影响交际,将分数降低一个档次。

7、本次书面表达难度预设为0.6,预设平均分为15分。

各档次的给分范围和要求

0分:信息未能传达给读者。

第一档:(1—5分):未完成试题规定的任务。

第二档:(6—10分):能表达观点,但不够充分,很少句子可读,未恰当完成试题规定的任务。 第三档:(11—15分):能表达观点,但欠充分,语言错误较多,基本完成了试题规定的任务。

第四档:(16—20分):观点观确,陈述合理,有部分语言错误,较好地完成了试题规定的任务。 第五档:(21—25分):观点观确,陈述合理,极少语言错误,很好地完成了试题规定的任务。

2017攀枝花中考英语作文篇三

攀枝花市高2016届二统考试答案-英语

2016届高三第二次统考英语参考答案

攀枝花市高2016届高三第二次统考

英语参考答案

第一部分 听力(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分。)

1-5CCABA

第二部分 6-10ACACA 11-15CBCBB 16-20AABBC 阅读理解(共2节,满分40分。)

25-27ABA 28-31CCAD 32-35DBDC 第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分。) 21-24ABDC

第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分。)

36. 38. 39. 40. 第三部分 英语知识运用(共2节,满分45分。)

第一节

第二节

61. was 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分。) 46-50CDBAD 51-55ACBBA 56-60DCDCB 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分。) 62. training 63. artists

68. greater 64. Because / As 65. stolen 69. immediately 70. at 67. describing 41-45ACBAD 66. called

第四部分 写作(共两节,满35分。)

第一节:短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分。)

The environmental pollution is very today. We have no clean water because it is polluted. Some animals serious down. The sky is grey because some are not have destroyed factories

responsible, waste into the air. It affects our lives not only at ∧ moment, but also in the future. To live a

pouring the

better life, we shouldn’t throw away old things. Instead, we should recycle

them

possible because this pollution. We must plant more trees and stop people from reduces cutting

do everything to let our world 删去

第二节:书面表达(共1小题;满分25分)

范文略)

第 1 页 共 1 页

2017攀枝花中考英语作文篇四

四川省攀枝花市2016届高三第一次统考英语试卷

攀枝花市2016届高三第一次统考

英 语

本试卷分第一卷(选择题)和第二卷(非选择题)两部分。共150分。考试时间120分钟。第一卷 1至8页,第二卷9至10页。

第Ⅰ卷

第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)

做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从试题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例:How much is the shirt? A. £19.15 答案是C。

1. How long can the man keep the book?

A. For one week.

B. For two weeks.

C. For three weeks.

2. What is the man doing?

A. Blaming the woman. help.

3. Where are the speakers?

A. On a plane.

B. At the Customs.

C. At a police station.

4. Why won’t the woman go to the man’s house?

A. She is tired and wants to have a rest. B. She has some guests to entertain. C. She has to go out of town. A. On foot.

B. By bus.

C. By motorbike.

B. Apologizing to the woman. C. Asking the woman for B. £9.18

C. £9.15

5. How will the speakers go to the party?

第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6. Who is the woman?

A. A policewoman.

B. A doctor.

C.

The

man’s

classmate.

7. Where does the conversation probably take place?

A. In a classroom.

B. In a hospital.

C. In the street.

听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。 8. What is the man worried about?

A. Math problems. A. Reading music.

B. Musical knowledge. B. Math knowledge.

C. Distance learning. C. Computer skills.

9. What is necessary for the optional course? 听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。 10. What is the man doing now?

A. Reading a newspaper.

B. Touring Discovery Bay.{2017攀枝花中考英语作文}.

C.

Visiting

an

amusement park.

11. What does the man think is good about the plan?

A. It will promote local economy. B. It will attract more families with kids. C. It will make the place quiet and peaceful. A. Boring.

B. Crowded.

C. Peaceful.

12. What does the man think of Discovery Bay at the moment? 听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。

13. How long has the woman been working at the center?

A. About six months. A. Excited.

B. About one year. B. Nervous.

C. About two years. C. Confident.

14. How did the woman feel when she started working at the center? 15. What does the woman enjoy doing most about working with children?

A. Seeing them have a lot of fun. B. Thinking of new things for them to do. C. Helping the less abled children achieve more. A. It’s a necessary part of the job. B. It’s something that she enjoys. C. It’s unfair for her to do it.

16. What does the woman say about working at night?

听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。 17. What is the speaker doing?

A. Introducing a family. A. About a century.

B. Giving a lesson.

C. Making a speech. C. About a quarter of a

18. How long is Arden Textile in business?

B. About half a century.

century.

19. Why did Arden Textile nearly go out of business?

A. They paid for the fire loss.

B. They spent too much building the new factory. C. They paid the employees regularly while rebuilding. A. They received an award from the public. B. People had different views on the company. C. They have helped others to make great profits.

第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)

20. What do we know about Arden Textile?

第一节(共15小题:每小题2分,满分30分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Eco City Farms are becoming more popular in cities and towns around the Unites States. Eco City Farms in Edmonton, Maryland, is located near shopping centers, car repair shops and homes. The neighborhood is a working-class community (社区). People do not have very much money. And they have limited access to fresh food in markets.

Over the past two years, the farm has attracted volunteers from the community like Marcy Clark. She schools her four children at home. On a recent day she brought them to Eco City Farms for a lesson. Her son Alston Clark thinks his experience is very valuable. “I like coming out here,” he says, “You know, you connect with the earth, where your food comes from. You appreciate the food a little bit more.”

Margaret Morgan started Eco City Farms. She thinks of it as a place where people can learn to live healthier lives. “Growing food in a community brings people together,” she continues, “Every piece of what we do here is an example to show people everything about how to have an eco-friendly community.” she says. From the Eco City Farms people come to know that they are not only growing food and raising chickens and bees, but improving the soil with compost (肥料) made from food waste.

Eco City Farms is an experimental operation. The farm gets its power not from the local electricity networks, but from the sun with solar panels. In winter, the green houses use heat from inside the Earth.

Vegetables can be grown all year. So once a week, all winter long, neighbors like Chris Moss and her three children bike to the farm to pick up a share of the harvest.

“I like eating the vegetables”, says five-year-old Owen Moss. 21. What is mainly talked about in the passage? A. Eco City Farms save a lot of energy. B. Eco City Farms are gaining popularity. C. Eco City Farms are influencing community life. D. Eco City Farms help the working-class live better. 22. What is the author’s attitude toward Eco City Farms?

A. Curious.

B. Tolerant.

C. Supportive.

D. Doubtful.

23. In which section of a newspaper can you most probably read this article? A. People.

B. Travel.

C. Environment. B

MOOC, an open online course, aims at providing large-scale interactive (互动的) participation and open access via the web. In addition to traditional course materials such as videos, readings, and problem sets, MOOCs provide interactive user forums (论坛) that help build a community for the students, professors, and teaching assistants.

MOOCs first made waves in the fall of 2011, when Professor Sebastian Thrun from Stanford University opened his graduate-level artificial intelligence course up to any student anywhere, and 160, 000 students in more than 190 countries signed up. This new kind of online classes is shaking up the higher education world in many ways. Since the course can be taken by hundreds of thousands of students at the same time, the number of universities might decrease dramatically. Professor Thrun has even envisioned (展望) a future in which there will only need to be 10 universities in the world. Perhaps the most striking thing about MOOCs, many of which are being taught by professors at well-known and respected universities, is that they’re free. This is There is a lot of excitement and fear surrounding MOOCs. While some say free online courses are a great way to increase the enrollment (注册) of minority students, others have said they will leave many students behind. Some critics have said that MOOCs promote an unrealistic one-size-fits-all model of higher education and that there is no replacement for true dialogues between professors and their students. After all, a brain is not a computer. We are not blank hard drives waiting to be filled with data. People learn from people they love and remember the things that interest them. Some critics worry that online students will miss out on the social aspects of college.

24. The underlined word “impecunious” in the second paragraph probably means ________.

D. Education.

A. having very little money C. making a lot of money

B. spending little money D. being careful with money

25. Which of the following is TRUE about MOOCs?

A. It is cheap to take the course.

B. Most courses are about artificial intelligence. C. Many courses are offered by famous universities. D. It has caused the decrease of numbers of universities.

26. What is the second paragraph mainly about?

A. The aim of MOOCs.

B. The influence of MOOCs.

C. The size of MOOC classes. D. The cost of MOOC courses.

27. Which of the following is a problem of MOOCs mentioned in the passage?

A. The lack of social interaction among students and professors. B. The over reliance on professors from famous universities. C. The limited number of courses offered around the world. D. The disappearance of traditional course materials.

C

Every year, IBM Corporation chooses five new technologies it believes will change the world within the next five years. The IBM list is called “Five in Five.” The company says it considers its own research and the new directions of society and business when the technologies.

This year, the list describes some future machines that will extend our five senses. Imagine looking for clothes online and touching your computer or smartphone to feel the cloth. IBM Vice President Bernie Meyerson predicts that technology could be available in the next five years.

Touch is just one of the senses that computers will help to extend. IBM says smart machines will soon be able to listen to the environment and give us information about the sounds they hear. For example, Bernie Meyerson says an advanced speech recognition system will tell new parents why their baby is crying.

“From the sound the baby is creating, that particular frequency in the voice of the child, you know the difference between a child for example who is sick as opposed to a child who is just lonely. That kind of understanding would be of great importance for parents. This kind of thing isn’t available today, but with an advanced enough system, it actually is possible.”

Smart machines will also help identify medical conditions. If you sneeze on your computer or cell phone, the machine will study thousands of molecules in your breath. Then it can tell you whether you need to see a doctor.

2017攀枝花中考英语作文篇五

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GRE作文范文{2017攀枝花中考英语作文}.

"The reputation of anyone who is subjected to media scrutiny will eventually be diminished."

观点陈述型作文/[题目]

"被置于媒体审视下的任何人,其名誉终将受毁损。"

Sample Essay

The intensity of today's media coverage has been greatly magnified by the sheer number and types of media outlets that are available today. Intense competition for the most revealing photographs and the latest information on a

subject has turned even minor media events into so-called "media frenzies". Reporters are forced by the nature of the competition to pry ever deeper for an angle on a story that no one else has been able to uncover. With this type of

media coverage, it does become more and more likely that anyone who is subjected to it will have his or her reputation tarnished, as no individual is perfect. Everyone makes mistakes. The advances in technology have made much

information easily and instantaneously available. Technology has also made it easier to dig further than ever before into a person's past, increasing the possibility that the subject's reputation may be harmed.

范文正文

当今媒体报道的力度,由于当今时代所能获得的媒体渠道那前所未有的数量和种类,从而被极大地增强。围绕着对最具暴露性的图片及对某一题材最新信息所展开的竞争,使哪怕是次要的媒体事件也转变为所谓的"媒体疯狂"。由于竞争的本质,记者们被迫就某一项报道作深度采访,以其窥探到一个任何其他人都无法揭示的视角。随着这类媒体报道的出现,任何被置于媒体报道之下的人,其名誉越来越有可能被玷污,因为"金无赤金,人无完人"。每个人都有可能犯错误。技术进步使大量的信息在第一瞬间便被轻易获取。技术也使媒体得以比以往任何时候更深入地去挖掘一个人的过去,从而更增加了当事人名誉受损的可能性。

The above statement is much too broad, however. "Anyone" covers all people all over the world. There are people whose reputations have only been enhanced by media scrutiny. There are also people whose reputations were already so poor that media scrutiny could not possibly diminish it any further. There may very well be people that have done nothing wrong in the past, at least that can be discovered by the media, whose reputations could not be diminished by media scrutiny. To broadly state that "anyone" subjected to media coverage will have his or her status sullied implies that everyone's reputation worldwide is susceptible to damage under any type of media scrutiny. What about children, particularly newborn children? What about those people whose past is entirely unknown?

然则,上述陈述涵盖面过于宽泛。"任何人"涵盖了世界上所有的人。有些人的名誉反而会因为媒体的聚焦而陡然显赫起来。也有些人,其名声早就如此之糟糕,以致于媒体的聚焦再也无法让它受到更坏的毁损。笼统地陈述受媒体报道的"任何人"均会使其地位被玷污,这暗示着全球每个人的名声在任何种类的媒体聚焦下均易于遭诟病。那么,对于天真无辜的孩子们,尤其新生婴儿,情况会如何?对于那些其过去根本无人知晓的人来说,情况又会是什么样呢?

Another problem with such a broad statement is that it does not define the particular level of media scrutiny. Certainly there are different levels of media coverage. Does merely the mention of one's name in a newspaper

constitute media scrutiny? What about the coverage of a single event in someone's life, for example a wedding or the birth of a baby? Is the media coverage of the heroic death of a firefighter or police officer in the line of duty ever going to diminish that person's reputation? It seems highly unlikely that in these examples, although these people may have been subjected to media scrutiny, these individual's reputations are undamaged and potentially enhanced by such exposure.

对于这样一项笼统的陈述而言,它的另一个问题是没能明晰界定媒体聚焦的具体程度。媒体的报道毫无疑问存在程度上的差别。只在报纸上提及一个人的名字,是否算作媒体聚焦?对某人一生中单独一次事件(如婚礼或孩子出生)的报道这也算媒介聚焦吗?媒体对消防队员或警官因公而死的英雄壮举进行报道,难道也会毁损该人的名声吗?在这些实例中,其名声受损的事情极不可能发生。虽然这些人可能被置于媒体审视之下,但其名声却会完好无损,且潜在地可因这些披露而得以提高。

Without a doubt, there are many examples of individual's whose reputations have been diminished by media scrutiny. The media's uncovering of former U.S. President Bill Clinton's affair with Monica Lewinsky will most likely overshadow the entire eight years of his administration. Basketball superstar Michael Jordan's sterling reputation has been

tarnished more than once by the media; first by media coverage of his gambling habits, then most recently (and in a much more harmful manner) by news reports of his marital infidelities and the divorce from his wife of thirteen years. Fame and fortune can turn an ordinary individual into a media target where reporters will stop at almost nothing to "dig up dirt" that will sell more newspapers or entice more viewers to watch a television program. It could even be

argued that media scrutiny killed Princess Diana as her car sped away from the privacy-invading cameras of reporters in Paris. There is no doubt that there are a large number of people who have been hurt in one way or another by particularly intense media scrutiny.

毫无疑问,也有许多例子能证明一个人的名声会被媒体审视所毁损。媒体对美国前总统Bill Clinton与Monica Lewinsky的风流韵事的揭露极有可能会将其八年的执政生涯置于阴影之中。超级篮球明星Michael Jordan一世英名也被媒体不止一次地玷污,首先是被有关其赌习的媒体报道,其次是最近--且以一种更具致命性伤害的方式--被有关他婚姻不忠以及与其结婚13年的妻子分道扬镳的报道。当媒体记者不择手段去挖掘某些可促使其报纸销量大增的"猛料"时,或去诱惑更多的观众观看某一电视节目时,名和利就会将一个普通人转变为媒体追踪的目标。我们甚至可以提出这样一种论点,即正是媒体的审视将Diana王妃置于死地,随着她的汽车去竭力逃脱巴黎街头的记者们那侵犯隐私的相机镜头。毫无疑问,肯定有许多人被极其强烈的媒体聚焦以一种方式或另一种方式所伤害。

In summary, it seems impossible that for every person that is subjected to media scrutiny, his or her reputation will eventually be diminished. Millions of people are mentioned in the media every day yet still manage to go about their lives unhurt by the media. Normal individuals that are subjected to media scrutiny can have their reputation either

enhanced or damaged depending on the circumstances surrounding the media coverage. The likelihood of a diminished reputation from the media rises proportionally with the level of notoriety that an individual possesses and the

outrageousness of that person's behavior. The length of time in the spotlight can also be a determining factor, as the longer the person is examined in the media, the greater the possibility that damaging information will be discovered or that the individual will do something to disparage his or her reputation. But to broadly state that media scrutiny will diminish anyone's reputation is to overstate the distinct possibility that, given a long enough time and a certain level of intensity of coverage, the media may damage a person's reputation.

(766words)

归纳而言,对于每个被置于媒体审视的人来说,其名声将最终受到毁损似乎并不可能。每天,有数百万人被媒体提到,但他们仍设法我行我素,不为媒体所伤害。被置于媒体审视之下的普通人,其名声或可得到提高,或可蒙受毁损,取决于围绕着媒体报道的具体情况。一个人的名声受媒体毁损的可能性,与所其拥有的臭名昭著的程度,及其行为的令人厌恶程度成正比。受媒体关注的时间长短同样也是一个决定性因素,因为一个人被媒体审视的时间越长,于他名声不利的信息越有可能被抖落出来,或者该人越有可能去做出某些于其名声不利的事情。但只是笼统地陈述媒体的审视终将毁掉一个人的名声,即是过分夸大这样一种显著的可能性,即在足够长的时间和一度程度的报道力度这两个条件下,媒体是有可能毁掉一个人的名声的。

"史学研究只有与我们日常生活相关才有价值"这一陈述忽略了历史在人类日常活动之外的价值。这似乎是一种甚为浅薄的论点,其言下之意是,人类生活在这个世界上只是为了得以生存下去,而不是为着其孩子和环境的未来作规划。

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