万能故事

万能故事篇一

万能例子

The Critical Period (155, 7):

During the Critical Period the United States underwent an ordeal under the Article of Confederation. The Articles created strong state governments and limited the federal government: the Congress had no power to collect taxes, draft soldiers or regulate trade. The desperate condition of people was exemplified by Officers from the Army came together to take action against the Continental Congress and in June 1783, they marched to Philadelphia. The new nation was at stake. Yet the Founding Father soon realized the powerless central government under the confederation forms of country was undesirable and impractical. It turned out to the Philadelphia Convention of 1787, which produced the shortest and oldest written constitution of any major sovereign state - the Constitution of United States. The document defines the three main branches of the government, transformed the constitutional basis of government from confederation to federation, and has a central place in United States law and political culture from then on.

在美国独立战争结束后，13个殖民地地区根据邦联条例，首次成立了以大陆会议为形式的松散的中央政府。在这种体制下，大陆会议没有征税权，同时由于缺乏全国性的行政和司法机构，国会只能依靠各个州的地方政府（各地政府之间往往缺乏协作）来实施其指定的法律。同时，国会对于各州之间的关税也无权介入。由于条例规定只有所有州的一致同意才能修改《邦联条例》，而且各州对于中央政府非常不重视，经常不派员参加中央会议，因此国会经常因为表决人数不足而被迫休会。

Specific: The Critical Period was a decade during which the United States underwent hardship under the Article of Confederation. The Articles had weakness that hampered efficient operation of the

government: with no provision for an executive branch, it lacked the ability to enforce laws that Congress passed; the Congress had no power to collect taxes, raise a military, coin money, or regulate interstate commerce. The desperate condition of people was made plain by the Shay’s rebellion and several meetings held by some

states to modify the tariff walls that had been erected by each of the 13 states against imports from any other states. The new nation was staggering。

The Founding Fathers, who hoped to make America one place in world where freedom and love of humankind could flourish, soon realized the powerless central government under the confederation forms of country was undesirable and impractical. It turned out to the Philadelphia Convention of 1787, which produced one of ―the most wonderful work ever struck off at a given time by the brain and

purpose of man‖---The Constitution of United States. It established a federal form of government that has a separation of power among legislature, judicious and executive branch and a division of power between states and central government. Furthermore, it sets a great precedent for future generations seeking liberty and freedom as America did.

--Conflict is helpful.(05.11)

--Obstacle or disadvantage be turned into something good.(06.1) --People’s desire to contribute to their nation motivates people to do their best.(06.4)

--It is important to question the ideas and decisions of people in positions of authority.(06.10)

--People achieve success only if they aim to be perfect.(06.11)--We should tell the truth we firmly believed, no matter what circumstance is.(07.5)

--People truly benefit from hardship and misfortune.(07.6)

Franklin D. Roosevelt (135,7):

When Roosevelt was inaugurated in March 1933, the U.S. was at the nadir of the worst depression in its history. A quarter of the workforce was unemployed, while farmers were in deep trouble as prices fell by 60%. Industrial production had fallen by more than half since 1929. Two million were homeless. Yet Roosevelt didn’t feel helpless, but instead he carefully analyzed the cause of depression and found the problem originated from the self-interest basis of capitalism. He soon put forward many programs to alleviate the effect of this problem, including First New Deal and Second New Deal. The progress was so remarkable that the economy grew 58% from 1932 to 1940 in 8 years of peacetime, and unemployment fell dramatically in Roosevelt's first term, from 25% when he took office to 14.3% in 1937.

Almost as the example of the Critical Period.

Jack Welch (135, 19):Jack Welch, CEO of General Electricity(GE), challenged the inveterate corporate culture mode and embarked on his renovations through the 1980s. By cutting the prevalently used lackluster old-line units and

dismantling the unnecessary parts, most of which were using by other competitive company at that time, Welch eradicated inefficiency and paved the way for future development of GE. Welch also streamlined his company, motivated his staffs, and expanded the broadness of the stock option from just top executives, a situation preferred by most other CEOs and many influential experts, to nearly one third of all employees. Welch’s strategies gained encomium when he successfully increased the recorded revenues of his company from $26.8 billion to $130 billion. His policies are now widely adopted by many CEOs across the America, and even throughout the world.

--Opinion of majority/authority may be a poor guide.(05.3)

--Creativity is needed more than ever. (05.3)

--Progress depends on people with new ideas rather than on people whose ideas are based on the current way of doing things.(05.5) --People are not afraid to speak out against authority, whether the authority is an individual, a group, or a government.(05.5)--It is not necessary to limit or put restrictions on freedom of thought and expression. (05.12)

--People accomplish more when they are allowed to do things in their own way. (06.1)

--It’s better not to change our ideas, opinions, or behaviors. (06.1)--We are free to make our own decisions, no matter how others say. (06.5)--The truth changes depending on how people look at things.(06.5) p.s.: when writing this essay, you should define ―truth‖ as something like the principles people hold for how the do things.

--Established rules can be too limited to guide people in real-life situations. (06.6)

--It is important to question the ideas and decisions of people in positions of authority.(06.10)

--People achieve success only if they aim to be perfect.(06.11)

--It is better to change one's circumstances than to change one's attitude.(07.1)p.s.:define ―attitude‖ as one’s own idea.--It is more valuable for people be unique and different than to fit in.(07.3)

--It is always best to determine one's own views of right and wrong rather than following the crowd.(07.5)

--People can ever be truly original.(07.10)

--It is always necessary to find new solutions to problems.(07.11) --Truth can be found in choosing one of two opposing sides of an issue.(07.12)

--It is always better to be original.(08.1)

Thomas Paine (106,22):

At the beginning of the American Revolution, the American colonies were, with deep misgivings and hesitancy, moving toward independence. Few people favored complete independence, while Loyalists, who firmly believed in conservative thoughts, were powerful. However, dismissing monarchy, Thomas Paine, an early advocate of republicanism and liberalism, published his ideas bravely in Common Sense in 1776. The book was outspoken, touched and pierce to the truth, which he firmly believed. It quickly spread among the literate, and, in three months, 120,000 copies sold throughout the American British colonies. It impressed deeply upon everyone’s mind that his belief become one of the most important ideology of the American Revolution.{万能故事}.

Almost as the example of Jack Welch, but plus:

--People’s desire to contribute to their nation motivates people to do their best.(06.4)

--The world would be a better place if everyone always told the complete truth.(06.5)

--People should take more responsibility for solving problems that affect their communities or the nation in general. (07.1)

Global Warming (135,4):

1.The use of fossil fuels accelerates the advance of technology and provides much convenience to human, yet it has caused the Global Warming. Climate model projections summarized by The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) indicate that average global surface temperature will likely rise a further 1.1 to

6.4 °C during the twenty-first century. Worse still, warming and sea level rise are expected to continue for more than a thousand years, even if greenhouse gas levels are stabilized, due to the large heat capacity of the oceans. Increasing global temperature is expected to cause an increase in the intensity of extreme weather events, decline in agricultural yields, mass species extinctions, and significant changes to the amount and pattern of precipitation, which will likely lead to an expanse of tropical areas and increased pace of desertification.

2. since the Industrial Revolution, our environment has been in imminent danger. For example, a dramatic summer drought helped public focus their attentions on the greenhouse effect, a general

warming of temperature on Earth, which is caused by an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide released by burning fossil fuels like coals, gasoline products and rapid deforestation. Along with the rapid technology advance is the emergence of acid rain, ecological wasteland and natural disasters such as flood and hurricane.

Not only to environment, but also to some people, changes in today’s seemly progressive world are not always good. The booming America saw a growing economic inequality. In 2004, number of millionaire household in America increased by 14% as the number of people living below the poverty line rose to about 37 million, including 15 million children. The annual budget passed by Congress in 2005 severely cut programs essential to struggling families, including child assistance and Medicaid funding for the poor. Left in such desperate condition, the poor could hardly appreciate these changes.

--The benefits of scientific and technological developments may come at the cost of undesirable changes to people's lives.(05.12)

--A strong commitment to technological progress may cause a society to neglect other values, such as education and the protection of the environment.(06.6)

--It is better for people to be realistic rather than optimistic.(06.12)Modern advancements do not truly improved the quality of people's lives.(07.6)

Technology Changes (107,4):

Changes in technology definitely make our lives easier, as shopping at home, meeting people online, and faxing someone a blueprint eliminate the need to spend a lot of time traveling. However, the very technology that purports to bring people closer together is ironically helping them drift apart. People start to rely too much on advanced technology tools, such as cell phones and online chatting, that they reject going out and meeting a real person. In a culture which emails, cell phones and internet chat room have become everyday modes of communication, we are actually losing the chance to meeting someone directly and are more isolated than before.

万能故事篇二

7个万能例子

1.The Last Leaf by O. Henry

Johnsy is an inhabitant of an art colony inGreenwich Village, where pneumonia is taking its toll. Eventually, Johnsy isstricken with the disease and gives up all desire to live. Outside her windowresides an old ivy vine on which only a few leaves remain. Convinced that shewill die when the last leaf falls, Johnsy watches the vine incessantly. Thismorbid fascination distresses her big hearted neighbor Mr. Berhman, an oldpainter scraping by as an artist’s model and still dreaming of painting hismasterpiece. Time passes, Johnsy remains fascinated by the withering vine. Toher growing astonishment, a single last leaf attaches itself firmly to thevine. Taking this as an embodiment of hope, Johnsy’s condition ameliorated. Inthe meantime, her neighbor has been taken to hospital with pneumonia, where helater dies. It is later discovered that he had contracted the disease after stayingup all night to paint the perfect image of a single leaf on the brick walloutside Johnsy’s window.

2.

Charles Schulz{万能故事}.

Charles Monroe Schulz is an Americancartoonist, whose comic strip Peanuts is considered to be one of the most popularand influential in the history of the medium. Although Charles was a shy, timidteenager, he was steadfast and persistent. It is his self-defeatingstubbornness and admirable perseverance in trying his best against all oddsthat made him a popular figure. He can never win a ballgame but continues toplay baseball; he can never fly a kite successfully but continues to do so.Although his drawings were first rejected by his high school yearbook and thenrefused by Disney, he persevered and created the world renowned Charlie Brownand Snoopy, known as Peanut comic, which reflects his own life. Peanuts ran for50 years, and, at its peak, appeared in more than 2,600 newspapers in 75countries. (138字) 3.

Thomas Edison

Thomas Edison is considered to be one ofthe most prolific inventors in history, holding 1,093 US patents under hisname. He is one of the first inventors to apply the principles of massproduction and large teamwork to the process of invention, and therefore isoften credited with the creation of the first industrial research laboratory.To find a long lasting material for the light bulb, Edison and his team

workedfor many years and experienced more than 1,500 failures through the

process.However, their research was not hampered by setbacks and their hard work wasfinally paid off in 1879. Using a small carbonized bamboo filament, Edison andhis team were able to produce a light bulb that was able to last over 40 hours.After soughting further improvements, Edison finally filed for US patent 223898in

November4, 1879. His invention of the light bulb not only revolutionized thenascent electric industry, but also made electricity viable to mankind. (161字)

4.

Henry Ford

Henry Ford, the American founder of theFord Motor Company, had been stimulated by Thomas Edison in his youth andfollowed Thomas Edison’s career then. In 1896, while attending acompany-sponsored convention in Manhattan Beach, New York, Henry Ford was introducedto the great inventor Thomas Edison. During their conversation, Edison askedthe young Henry Ford a host of questions and when the conversation was

over,Edison emphasized his satisfaction by banging his fist down on the table."Young man," he said, "that's the thing! You have it!” To HenryFord, as he later indicated, that bang on the table was worth worlds.

After receiving the complete approval fromThomas Edison, Henry Ford strived to accomplish his invention of the cheap andconvenient Model T. After further

improvements, the price of Model T decreasedfrom $850 to $225, a price that is affordable to most social classes. Thedesign later revolutionized the

transportation industry in America becauseprior to its introduction, cars were a form of luxury that is only affordableto the upper echelons. And in just 19 years after the first introduction, thesales of the Model T had reached an astounding 15,007,034, a record which stoodfor the next 45 years. (204字)

5.

Jack Welch

Jack Welch was the former CEO of GeneralElectric. He joined the company in 1960 and worked as a junior engineer. Aftera year at GE, he was displeased with the strict bureaucracy regarding pay risewhich led to a mere $1000 increase in his salary after his first year. Welch,who then harbored thoughts of leaving the company, was convinced by ReubenGutoff to stay. He then started questioning the decisions made by theauthorities and moved up the ranks quickly. When he became the CEO of GE in1981, he worked to streamline the company by trimming inventories anddismantling the bureaucracy that almost led him to leave the company. Eachyear, he would fire the bottom 10% of his managers, while rewarding the top 20%with bonuses and stock options. By pushing his managers to perform, theperennial problem with regards to perceived inefficiency was effectivelyeradicated. When Welch left GE, the company had gone from a market value of $14billion to more than $410 billion at the end of 2004, making it the most valuableand largest company in the world. (186字)

6.

Christopher Reeve

Christopher Reeve was an American actor whois best known for his portrayal of the superhero Superman. However, unlike theman of steel he was in his movies, Reeve became quadriplegic after being thrownfrom a horse in an equestrian competition in 1995. As a result, he required awheelchair and breathing apparatus for the rest of his life. Despite thesetbacks, Reeve was reinvented by that experience and brought the kind ofenergy and enthusiasm that made him successful as a film star to an entirelydifferent issue, with huge effect. He lobbied on behalf of people with spinalcord injuries for human embryonic stem cell research and established

theChristopher Reeve Paralysis Foundation, a non-profit research organizationwhich raises money for research in spinal cord injuries. Also, he lobbied forscientists to be allowed to conduct stem cell research in the hopes ofeventually curing{万能故事}.

paralysis and other current incurable diseases such as Alzheimer’sand Parkinson’s. Through this, Reeve will be remembered as “Superman” not only inthe movies, but also in reality. (175字)

7.

Franklin Roosevelt

Franklin Roosevelt was the 32nd presidentof the United States who rose to prominence during the Great Depression. Duringthat time, President Hebert Hoover’s economic program was unsatisfactory andineffective and kept millions of people under poverty and hunger. In the midstof despair, Franklin Roosevelt, who had long been questioning Hoover’s economicprogram, was elected as the President to combat the economic crisis. Heassembled a group of elites and constructed a more effective economic programcalled New Deal. The new program provided money and supplies to needy familiesand created jobs for the unemployed. As a result, President

Roosevelteffectively rekindled hope to millions of despondent Americans. New Deal provedto be an important turning point in the history of America. It made a powerfulstart of a strong government role in the nation’s economic affairs thatremained and developed to the present day. (146字)

万能故事篇三

教学故事之万能的“一咬”

教学故事之——万能的“一咬”

用爱为孩子编织一个美丽的谎言

李小梅

题记：教学工作是一件非常不容易的工作。我是一个好老师，但仍然无时无刻不感到教学的艰难，无时无刻。因为我必须想法设法，教学生如何在一个不诚实的世界里做一个诚实的人，如何在一个不友善的世界里做一个善良的人。这是非常困难的。——雷夫﹒艾斯奎斯

“李老师，我被咬了。”刚上完第一节课回到办公室准备吃早餐的我看到小志同学扭扭捏捏走到办公桌前对我说。我边打开早点边看了他一眼“你天天咬别人，今天被人咬知道痛了吧”！我们班的头号混世魔王小志同学，是出了名的问题学生，从一年级入学第一天开始，他就像连续剧的男主角一样，每天都要给我上演一出出惊心动魄的剧情，所以每天看到他来打小报告或是别人打他的小报告，我已经从心惊胆战到习以为常了。看到我如此平常的表现，他有点失望，于是伸出手又说了一遍“李老师，我被咬了！”这一次，我顺着他伸出的小手看了下，天啊！两道深深的口子还流着血，我一下子紧张起来了。拉起他的小手，用关爱的眼神看着他，一边叨念着“怎么会咬成这样啊”，一边带着他来到医务室请校医处理伤口。校医看完之后跟我说“这齿痕挺深的，保险起见建议家长带去打针破伤风。”小志同学在一旁，听到校医的话，深情显得很紧张，但是一直嘀咕着“我不想打针，我不想打针„„”

校医处理完，我带他会办公室，让他把事情说清楚，心想：平时

都是这混世魔王欺负别人，扰得班级不得安宁，同学个个都怕他，今天到底是谁咬的他。于是，他开始跟我回忆：“下课玩耍**同学追我，我们起矛盾，我用脚踢了他，他就咬了我，我也有不对„„”。听完他的陈述，我将信将疑，不过看他说得那么诚恳，貌似真的。为了查明真相，我向数学老师请了10分钟的假，找来这位“咬他”的同学，一问才知道，原来是小志同学要打人家，结果打到人家的两颗大门牙。可是，他又不承认，一口咬定就是同学咬的他。无奈之下，我只能以退为进，公平起见我们去看监控就知道了（其实班级根本没有监控，加上又没有目击同学，对于这件发生在班级里的纠纷，我是无从考证的），依次来逼迫他们说实话。这下子，咬他的同学依然坚持自己原来的说法，确定自己没有咬人，可小志同学就不一样了，他开始自言自语，不敢正视我，也不同意看监控。我明白了事情的真相，但是为了从他嘴里自己诚实地说出来，我说“公平起见，最后给你们一次机会，把事情的过程再完整地说一遍，不然等开了监控，发现撒谎的那可就罪加一等了”。听完我的话，他终究屈服了“是我打到他的牙齿的„„”听到他说出真相后，我松了口气，终于可以跟家长交代。于是我拨通他妈妈的电话，把事情的原委告诉了她，也建议她来带孩子去打针，可是由于皮惯了小志太让妈妈操心了，听完不是别人受伤，而是自己打别人反而受伤，家长也松了口气，说她孩子经常磕磕碰碰，没关系的，让孩子继续上课。作为老师，我已经把校医的诊断建议跟家长反馈，她打不打我就无权干预了，于是我也没有太多的话语就挂了电话。突然，小志同学贴进我的身边，“李老师，刚才医生说什么

狂犬病啊？打什么针啊？我不要打针！”顺着他的疑问我正好可以好好教育他一番，“咬人是不对的，被人咬也像被狗咬了一样的，严重的会病发狂犬病，口吐白沫，全身抽搐„„”他听完眼睛睁得大大的，表现出很吃惊，很可怕的表情，喊道“李老师，我不要口吐白沫啊，我不想死啊，有没有不打针又不会死的办法啊？”看到他的表情我心中暗暗窃喜“小样，你也有害怕的时候啊！”想想我这两年来被他整的是晕头转向，班级孩子见他如见瘟神，躲得远远的，老师家长为他操碎了心，甚至气出了病，他照样无所畏惧，天天大闹天宫似的，上学期语文期末还给我整出个15分的成绩；说他笨吗，他比谁都精，他就是懒、坏，不动笔，他认为考试那是老师的成绩，写不写全凭他的心情。看到此刻他的表情我有种小孩子达到报复心理后的快感，只是强忍没有笑出口。他继续贴进我，眼神里充满恐惧，摇着我的手说“李老师，你赶紧叫妈妈来带我去救命吧，我不想死啊”。这下我看明白了，他是真吓到了，终于有能让他小志同学害怕的事情了，这可是新鲜事啊！

突然，一个“邪念”从我大脑闪过，也许我可以趁此机会感化这个孩子哦！我立马拿着电话走到办公室门口再一次给他妈妈打电话。电话那头妈妈看到又是我的电话急着说“又怎么啦，李老师，如果是打破伤风就不用啦，我儿子经常跟人家咬来咬去的，不要紧的。”我说：“小志妈妈，我突然有个教育志昊的方法，不过需要你的支持和配合，不知道你愿不愿意？”“愿意，我百分之百愿意！”没等我讲完，这个朴实的妈妈就迫不及待地同意，于是我告诉了她我的想法。我说

“孩子对这次的咬伤很害怕，一直担心自己会病发狂犬病，刚好要期末了，为了让他好好上课，期末能好好考试，我们老师已经是想尽了办法了，但是效果不大，如果能借用这次事件对他进行约束，说不定是个好的契机哦。我打算对他编一个谎言，告诉他这破伤风的药要从北京运过来的，需要三五天时间，这期间不能轻易动怒，不能打人，不然这血液流动太快病发也更快，必须勤于动脑，还要动笔写作业才能促进循环，说不定不打针也不病发的„„”等我说完，我听到电话那头家长忍不住的笑声，家长对我的“谎言”很满意，她说“李老师，这招绝对管用，我这孩子就怕这个啊！”在征得家长的同意后我说干就干。挂掉电话，走进办公室，原本坐着的小志同学立马站起来，“李老师，妈妈联系医院了吗？什么时候来带我去治疗啊？”我装出一副深表同情而又紧张的表情说“刚才妈妈说了，医院得从北京拿药，要5天左右才能到啊。”“啊！那怎么办啊？李老师，我不想死啊，我不想口吐白沫啊，我不要等那么久啊，有没有什么办法救我啊？”我一本正经地回答“有是有，但我担心你做不到。”“做得到，一定做得到，你说啊，你快告诉我啊。”“那你听好了。为了不让你的病那么快发作，起码这一个礼拜你不能轻易动怒，不能打人，不然这血液流动太快病发也更快，必须勤于动脑，还要动笔写作业才能促进循环，说不定不打针也不病发的„„”说完，我用坚定的眼神注视着他，表示我的确定，希望能骗到他，终于他真的“上当”了。从这一分钟回教室后，他用平时10倍的速度完成了数学练习；第三节我的语文课，他成了班级的发言明星；从这天开始，整整一个礼拜，班级没有告状的声音，

一下子平静了许多，课堂的学习气氛浓烈了许多，我的课堂不必再为他而停下多次；他的语文期末考试从头埋头苦干到结束，结束了他长达两年的不及格，考出了有史以来最高的一次分数72分。我太激动了，太兴奋了，太有成就感了。于是放假前，我又找来了志昊同学聊天。我说“首先老师要祝贺你，你做到了，并且你的病也因为你的勤奋和努力而压制没有暴发；另外，你几天你坚持下来你收获了什么了吗？”他露出害羞的微笑说“我被老师和同学们表扬了，而且我还考出好成绩了，爸爸妈妈都夸我呢！”“是啊，多好啊！说明你是可以做好孩子的，你是很棒的！如果你能坚持的话，你会更棒的。”小志同学看着我，眼睛里流露出比以前更加自信和成熟的神韵，我仿佛看到了希望，看到了从幼稚到成熟的转变，那是一份期待，更是一份坚定。 也许通过这次事故，这孩子的心灵受到些许的挑战、害怕，甚至恐惧，但是他由此得到的收获也是巨大的，起码他从同学们眼中一个懒散、无赖、不学无术的坏学生转变成一个上进、积极、有所期待的好学生，这就够了，也是最重要的，真心希望他能一直坚持，越来越棒！而我也从中成长许多，领悟许多，这“万能的一咬”虽说耗尽了我偌大的精力，却让我更深刻地明白对于孩子的教育不仅仅是“用爱”就行，还得“用心”，哪怕你为他“用心”撒一次谎言，有可能成就一个孩子的一生。

万能故事篇四

“万能八条”活用事例

“万能八条”活用事例

万能八条：

1、领导重视，政策到位（理论层面） 2、教育宣传，提高素质 3、健全法制，严格执行 4、组织协调，形成机制 5、调整结构、转变职能 6、加强监督，标本兼治

7、增加投入、依靠科技（实践方面） 8、反思教训，总结经验（理论）

灵活运用万能八条注意点（六要） 1、要调序 2、要精简 3、要重组 4、要分点 5、要变通 6、要结合

（1）对策提对策一般不超过5条

（2）一定要标要点，如不标，则默认2—3点 对策题的评估：

针对性、可行性、常识性（合情、合理、合法）

一、领导重视，政策到位

各级领导干部要高度重视，树立正确的政绩观，密切关注……问题 迅速拟定相关政策并付诸落实

加强对问题的调查研究，从源头上理清……问题的来龙去脉 形成决议/决定/意见，把……纳入议事日程 增强……的意识；倡导……的理念

二、教育宣传，提高素质

通过……教育培训，提高广大领导干部/工作人员/人民群众的……素质

加大……宣传力度，提高……意识，曾江……观念，使人们普遍认识到……的重要性并付诸以行动；

电视，报纸，网络等媒体要通过各种形式宣传……提高广大人民群众对……的认识 在全社会营造关于……良好的文化氛围 充分利用媒体和网络，做好舆论导向工作 舆论关注；实行典型示范；社会示范

三、健全法制，严格执行

各级人大/政府制定/完善相关法律/法规，做到有法可依，对……进行严厉的制裁和惩戒，严重者追究形式责任/以法为准，对……进行严肃处理

要制定和健全相关法律噶贵，要修订现行的法律法规、填补……理发上的一些漏洞，是……工作更加规范，令不法之徒无法律空子可钻。

决策制度：包括社情民意反映制度，社会公示制度，社会听证制度，专家咨询制度，决策的论证制度和责任制。

建立和完善引咎辞职制度/建立健全领导问责制度

岗位责任制、首问负责制、限制办结制、绩效管理制等制度 发现问题及时纠正，对顶风违纪的行为从严查处，绝不姑息 加强督办、查办、提高执行力

违法必究，执法必严：严厉查处和惩处责任人

有权必有责，用权受监督，违法要追究（强调制权）

四、组织协调，行程机制

各部门协同配合，加大执法力度 形成能够组织机制、协调机制

成立委员会/办公室/领导小组/派工作组/建立预警机制，妥善应对突发事件

形成深入了解民情、充分反映民意、广泛集中民智、切实珍惜民力的科学决策机制 预防应急机制（编制应急预案，增加人力、物力、财力储备）和保障机制 形成能够信息反馈机制

沟通协调，形成工作合力，兼顾各方利益 统筹兼顾，注意齐抓共管，综合治理

五、调整结构，转变职能

成立专门机构

明确/清理部门职能

增加专业人员，提高执行力

相关职能部门采取相应措施，依法行使权力 完善相关部门职能

六、加强监管，标本兼治

发挥新闻监督、媒体监督等民主监督功能

加大整顿力度，爱要标本兼治，重在治本，从根本上治理……问题，防止……恶化领导（上级）监管；加强社会监督（民众监督），设立举报热线（举报信箱）

人大法律监督和工作监督、政协民主监督，重视司法监督、舆论监督和社会公共监督 建立完善系统严格的评价、考核的指标体系

七、增加投入，依靠科技

在……方面，大力增加财政投入/对于低收入家庭，政府要加大财政投入 增加对……的财政和贷款支持

建立专项基金，配套技术推进流程，强化技术核心力 依靠科学技术，改变投产出比例，降低生产成本 增加投入，引进设备，升级工艺 依靠……技术，解决……问题 科技兴国，科技兴企，科技富农 加大研发，形成核心竞争力

八、反思教训，总结经验

反思……的教训/总结……的经验 借鉴国内外的各种先进经验

万能故事篇五

编导故事真题

2011年北京电影学院文学系考题

剧作方向： 以“诀窍”为题

要求：必须以口香糖，盗版光碟，方便面为道具或线索，发生在2011年，地点为农贸市场，3000字以内。

2010年北京电影学院 文学系 创意与策划初试考题

一 根据一个给出剧本的段落，回答问题

1人物关系，你是根据什么判断的

2人物性格

3A犯的什么罪

二给出三段材料

材料1 关键词：庙会，小白领，卖网络用语徽章

材料2 关键词：古墓，公主凤冠

材料3 关键词：邮局新业务，寄望未来的信

1 创作一个800字的故事

2 阐述你的构思

2009年 北京电影学院 文学系 戏剧影视文学专业 剧作方向 初试 考题{万能故事}.

题目：两个人的单车

1。以剧本小说记叙文的形式创作。

2。必须描写当代中国的现实生活。

3。字数：2000-3000字

2014年上海戏剧学院戏文专业 初试考题（常年招生）

题目：

《阵痛》

《晨练》

考试要求：抒情叙事散文均可，1500字，150分钟。

2010年 上海戏剧学院广播电视编导专业（成都考点）考题

初试 散文写作

（1） 《又是一年春草绿》 （2） 《远方来信》

要求：任选其一，2000字以上。

复试 续写故事

材料：罗倩转到康城中学才三个月，班主任杨老师就把罗倩的妈妈请到学校，很严肃地告诉她：罗倩与班上的“皮大王”早恋。才初中一年级，女儿就有了这种事，罗倩妈妈怒不可遏……

题目：早恋

要求：2000字以上

2008年上戏戏文考题 成都考区

初试 笔试

命题散文 《城市的天空》、《扫墓》二选一。

要求写叙事散文或者抒情散文，字数要求1500，三个小时。

复试 面试

故事接龙 15个人一组，老师起头，轮番接龙

复试 笔试

故事写作 《手提箱》 2000字，3小时。 夏天傍晚，刚吃过晚饭，牌友鱼贯而入，和父亲打起了麻将。母亲看起一集不落的电视剧。小胡觉得喧闹无比，出门闲逛。走到附近一个廉租房小区，在三楼楼梯拐角处，地上赫然躺着一个手提箱……

2007年上海戏剧学院戏剧影视文学专业考题考试

故事写作 新年伊始，艺术院校的招生就火爆起来了。小华从小就热爱艺术，老师同学都说他（她）是进艺术学校的料。小华的父亲（母亲）特意陪着他（她）满怀信心地到某大城市赶考。可是，从报名点出来之后，小华却说他不想考艺术院校了，问是怎么回事，他（她）也不说。后来小华又不知去了哪里，而第二天上午马上就要考试了，家里人急得团团转。就在这时，小华爸爸（妈妈）的手机响了起来……

要求： 1、根据提示的情境与人物关系编写一个故事。要求情节完整、合理。主要人物形象突出，有性格。可适当增加人物，但不宜过多，避免分散笔墨。

2、不要散文、诗歌或对话体剧本，尽量避免过多的心理描写和环境描写，时间、地点尽量集中。主要是叙述以人物行动和语言构成的故事。

3、字数2000字左右，字迹清晰，标点正确，卷面整洁。

上海戏剧学院2007年秋季戏文系考试

命题写作 我的夏天

要求：1500字至2000字，散文，不要写成议论文或诗歌。

故事写作 特殊的舞台 一位老人和一个小孩同时包了一个剧场，在七天的时间内，演出同一个作品……

要求：1、根据提示的情境与人物关系编写一个故事。要求情节完整、合理。主要人物形象突出，有性格。可适当增加人物，但不宜过多，避免分散笔墨。

2、不要散文、诗歌或对话体剧本，尽量避免过多的心理描写和环境描写，时间、地点尽量集中。主要是叙述以人物行动和语言构成的故事。

3、字数2000字左右，字迹清晰，标点正确，卷面整洁。

2009年 上海戏剧学院 广播电视编导专业 北京考点 复试 考题

故事写作：

一辆宝马车开进校园，大家都把头伸出窗外，这时不知道谁说道：一定是送小姐公子哥的！

万能故事篇六

编导-即兴评述必备万能宝典(含经典范文)

即兴评述必备万能宝典（含经典范文） 对于很多艺术考生而言，即兴评述不仅是通往理想大学的一大必考问题，还是一门非常具有实用价值的特殊技能。所以，我们非常有必要在此做出更加深入的探讨。

即兴评述是播音与主持专业考试中较有难度的一项内容。即兴评述的目的是考查应考者快速思维和组织语言的能力、口语的表达能力以及临场不慌的心理素质。它要求考生思维敏捷，快速组织语言能力强，记忆力强，同时，它也是对考生知识功底、文化素质的检验。从历年考试的情况来看，有相当一部分考生因这一项内容进行得不理想而影响了专业考试的成绩。因此，即兴评述是需要考生格外重视和认真对待的内容。

即兴评述实际上就是一篇口头小议论文，一般要求不超过5分钟，不少于3分钟。准备的时间也不长。考生抽取题目后准备5分钟左右，就进入考场。即兴评述的题目都是议论性的，内容的范围基本上都在高中生的知识、常识、时事水平的范围之内。比如：题目所示“对高中生„早恋‟现象谈谈你的看法”或“你如何看待当前开展的学雷锋活动”、“谈谈你对„五讲、四美‟的认识”，“我看职工下岗现象”，“你的座右铭”，“谈谈你喜欢的一句格言”，“谈谈你对推广普通话的认识”等等。应该说，这样一些题目都是有话可说的。

在考试的过程中面临这一项考试的时候首先要排除紧张心理。任何人都不可能在紧张又不自信的前提下口若悬河。再有就是千万不要对自己有过高要求，这是在考试的过程中普遍存在的现象。很多考生在准备的时候首先想到的不是怎样将事件讲清楚，怎样有条理地进行评论，而是好高鹜远地想怎样能评论得“深刻独到”，作为一个接受普通教育的十八九岁的高中生，要求有点高!叙述明了，表达流利，评论的条理清晰是这一考试项目最主要目的。 锻炼方法：

一是要从小故事的复述练习开始锻炼口语能力，这可以借鉴英语学习的方法。我们在学习英语的时候，老师经常说语言环境是学习英语的很重要的因素，同学们要善于给自己创造这个环境，比如每天早晨起床开始就自己对自己用英语进行对话，将心中所想全部变成英语，这样能够对英语口语的学习和练习有很大帮助。即兴评述也需要类似的练习方式。有很多简单的童话故事或报纸上的小消息非常简短，我们在看了之后尝试着将它们复述出来，而且在复述的时候力争做到语言优美，意思清楚。在对简单的故事和短消息的复述做得很好了之后再用复杂一些的事件进行同样的练习，坚持下来就可以使自己的语言组织能力得到提高。

二是在平时多关注身边的生活小事。每一天我们的身边就有很多事情在发生，这些事情的发生都各有原因，而事情最终的结果又和在事件发展过程中的各种因素的变化密切相关。所以在练习的时候要尽量地将事件的发生、发展、结果和起决定作用的各方面原因都表达明确。但是记住不要事先将稿子写好再进行练习，因为有很多学生都是事先在报纸杂志上将相关事件进行摘抄归纳，然后再死记硬背地把内容背诵出来，这样是达不到练习目的的。最好的方法是将报刊杂志上的分析评论先读懂弄清，然后尝试着用自己的语言将内容表达出来，在表达的过程中尽量地注意自己语言的组织。在这种练习刚开始的时候有很大的难度，但是长期坚持下来你的思维能力和口语表达能力都会得到极大地提高

下面以“对高中生„早恋‟现象谈谈你的看法”为例，分析如何进行即兴评述。

①审题立论

抽到一个题目，要认真审题，知道题目要你议论的是什么，这是第一步。主考一般在考生抽取题目后，都让考生把题目出声朗读一遍，目的就是让考生明确并且记住、记准题目。下去准备时，首先要有一个明确而正确的观点，这是“立论”的含义。观点既要明确还要正确，只明确不正确也不行。比如“对高中生„早恋‟现象谈谈你的看法”一题，如果你说“高中生„早恋‟也没有什么，处理好了还可以促进学习，事业爱情两不误”这个观点虽然很明确，但不能说是正确的。有了明确而又正确的观点，才有话可说，有话好说。

②确立提纲结构

确立了观点，就要迅速围绕观点思考一个提纲，理清议论的思路。因为准备的时间很短，又不能写提纲，所以，提纲也只能是一个大致的提纲，而不是详细的提纲，关健是把议论的结构“搭”起来。这时思维要积极活跃，思路要尽量开阔些，如“对高中生„早恋‟现象谈谈你的看法”一题，提纲和结构可以这样设计：{万能故事}.

观点：高中生谈恋爱是不对的。

其一，危害性：影响学习；有碍身心健康；影响风气；辜负父母老师的期望等等。 其二，如何解决这一问题：中学生自身；家庭；学校；社会。

其三，结论：树立远大人生理想和目标；发奋学习，立志成才。

准备完提纲如果还有时间，可以再把开头的话和结尾收场的话想一想，争取设计得精彩一些。诗人杜甫说得好：“语不惊人死不休”，所以要重视开好头，收好口。

③强行记忆，边想边说

即兴评述对考生强行记忆能力也是一个检验。快速想好了提纲，要反复加强记忆，首先是把大的分观点和大的结构记住，然后再强行记忆分观点的小观点和小结构。说的时候，一边想一边说，不要试图去背准备时的原话，而要去说准备时观点的意思。背诵，如果记忆不深或紧张，容易“卡壳”，但说意思却容易使大脑处于活跃状态，还容易产生新的思想火花，使即兴评述增色。另外，也不要用一种流利和生动的“演讲调”，这样容易给主考一种事先押中了题临场背诵的感觉。不用担心说得不精彩和不流畅，精彩和流畅都是相对而言的。偶有哆嗦、重复、不顺畅，包括词语的不太准确，在即兴口语表达中都是正常现象，关键是要言之有物、言之有序，像说话就可以了。

④联系实际，巧用例证

即兴评述是要应考者谈谈对某一问题的看法，而不是让应考者作一篇理论文章或学术演讲，因此，不必把问题想得太复杂、太抽象、太“理论化”。有的考生不明此道，一开始就拉一个很大的架势，一上来就说了一堆堂皇而又空洞的话，反而显得华而不实。无论什么题目，评述就是谈自己的看法，你是怎么认为的就怎么谈，而不要去揣摩主考的心思，投其所好。联系实际，是最好的方法，是联系自己的实际，联系自己身边人的实际，联系自己所熟悉的社会环境的实际，谈自己最为熟悉的、最有感受的人和事，容易有感而发，入情入理。可以多准备一些生动的例子，正面的、反面的、古今中外的、名家名人的、自己的和自己熟悉的人的实例。特别是当思维和语言不太顺畅时，或一时想不起准备的提纲时，都可以信手拈来一个生动的例子，一方面可增加论证的力度，一方面可边说边理清思路。当然，也不可把评述搞成例子的堆砌，关键是要用得好，用得不留痕迹。

⑤自信连贯，一气呵成

即兴评述的成功与否，与应考者的自信心强弱有直接关系。准备得再好，怯场不自信也难以出色发挥。加上即兴评述的考试一般都是在电视演播室的环境下进行，有的考生第一次进入这样的环境，在聚光灯下，面对摄像机镜头，的确容易紧张。因此，自信心就显得更为重要。可以用“把收听对象设想成不同意你的观点的人”的方法来调动自己的评述欲望，“我有理”、“我一定要说服你”，可以增强评述的主动性、说服性。另外，尽量使评述连贯、流利，即使

一时“无话可说”，也要“硬着头皮往下说”，尽量不要让语流出现“断线”、“卡壳”，因为这种“断线”、“卡壳”会加剧思维的空白和心理的紧张，咬紧牙关，坚定信念，就一定能够渡过暂时的难关，一气呵成，完成评述。

⑥自拟题目早练习

即兴评述这种短时间内口脑并用口头作文的能力对人的综合素质要求较高，没有平时的实践积累，难以一跳而就。因此，有志于播音与艺术专业的青年朋友，可以通过平时自选题目，自我评述的方式，加以联系，积累经验。临参加考试之前一两个月，课余或学习之余，拿出一点时间，自拟一个题目，先准备几分钟，再评述几分钟。开始可以准备时间稍长一些，如巧至20分钟，然后说上3至5分钟。随着练习的增加和经验的积累，准备时间可以逐渐缩短。关键是要熟悉这套程序和方法。可以请自己的家人或同学帮助自己练习，请他们做你的听众，事后，帮你分析不足，挑毛病。当你练了十多二十个题目以后，你就会发现自己即兴评述的能力就已经大大提高和增强了。

注意：

即兴评述准备时切不可试图把要说的每一句话都想好，因为无论是主观上和客观上都做不到这一点。有些考生在评述时往往说了一半，甚至只说几句话就说不下去了，其中有的就是因为他没有把提纲和结构准备好，话说了一半就不知道往下再说什么了，这是广大考生特别要吸取的教训。

另外，先要踏踏实实地熟悉本题所介绍的这套程序和方法，然后可以随时随地进行练习。功到自然成，训练到一定程度，即兴评述的能力就会大大提高，得心应手，游刃有余

播音主持即兴评述优秀范文 采得花开方成蜜

采得百花方成蜜，日积月累方成文。

有人做过一个有趣的统计：一只蜜蜂要酿造一公斤蜂蜜，必须在一万朵花上采集原料。也就是说，酿蜜需采百花，方得甘甜如怡。其实世人读书做文，也是如此。

世人读百家书，正如蜜蜂采百花蜜，这个过程虽然漫长艰辛，但最终的结果却是博学多才。积淀思想，才可厚积薄右：笺耕不辍，方能文思泉涌。

北宋时，有位读书人很喜爱杜甫的诗，自己专门模仿杜诗写了不少习作，但都感到不能令人满意。他向当时的着名文学家王安石请教说：“杜甫的诗为什么那样精深神妙呢？使后世之人难以超越他。”王安石答：“杜甫写诗的诀窍不是已经在他的诗中说出来了吗？”郡人问：“是什么呢？站怎么不知描？”王安石说：“杜诗中说： ‘读书破万卷，下笔如有神，这两句，不是说得很清楚了吗？”那人恍然大悟。此后他刻苦读书，在写诗方面有了很大进步。读书人最后学有所成。虽然数年寒窗苦读，饱受寂寞，但是畅谈做文，终能洋洋洒洒。

马克思为写《咨本论》曾艰苦奋斗40年，他阅谴了斟吾惊人饷书籍和刊物，其中做过的笔记就有1500种以上；德国伟大作家歌德，前后花了58年的时间，搜集了大量的材料，才写出了对世界文学和思想界产生很大影响的诗剧《浮士德》。古今中外这些我们耳熟能详的学者大家，正是由于他们的笃志好学，锲而不舍，方在人类历史的精神世界中留下颗颗铭记思想的璀璨明珠。

宋代画家文同是画墨竹的能手，他画的墨竹曾得到苏轼、黄庭坚等名家的称赞。为了对竹有一个完整的了解，他不仅系统地研究各种类型的竹，更是坚持不懈地观察竹在春夏秋冬的变化。一年四季，不分寒暑，他每天都要跑进竹林，废寝忘食地观看、思考、揣摩。数十年如一日地坚持，使得文同一说起竹，无伶竹叶、竹节、竹根、竹笋，总是如数家珍、滔滔不绝，因此人们就用“胸有成竹”来称赞他，正是由于这样的“胸有成竹”，我们才能在数百年后欣赏到这样的传世佳画。

故不积跬步，无以至千里；不积小流，无以成江海。若想学业有成，切不可半途而废；若想博学多才，必须要刻苦勤勉。浅尝辄止，对咸才无纤毫之力；好求甚解，终能获豁然之智。