快速阅读题目 点击: 2012-05-17
2017年上海市普陀区高三一模语文试卷(附答案)
2016学年普陀区高三年级第一次质量调研(语文试卷)
2016.12
一 积累运用(10分)
1.按题目要求填空。(5分)
(1)蟹六跪而二螯,___________________,用心躁也。(《_____·劝学》)(2分)
(2)渐霜风凄紧,关河冷落,___________________。(《八声甘州》)(1分)
(3)《山坡羊·潼关怀古》中感慨秦汉历史变迁的两句是“______________,_____________”。(2分)
2.按题目要求选择。(5分)
(1)朋友将留学远行,依依不舍,此时最适合赠别朋友的是下列诗句中的( )。(2分)
A.但去莫复问,白云无尽时
B.海内存知己,天涯若比邻
C.桃花潭水深千尺,不及汪伦送我情
D.莫愁前路无知己,天下谁人不识君
(2)画线处最适合填入的选项是( )。(3分)
在几代考古工作者50多年的不懈努力下,二里头遗址的全貌愈发清晰:这里发现了最早的城市干道网络,发现了最早的宫城,发现了最早的中轴线布局的宫殿建筑群„„作为中国最早的王朝都城,二里头遗址开城市布局和规划的先河,___________________。
A.被中国城市建设史留下浓墨重彩的一笔
B.被中国城市建设史留下淋漓尽致的一笔
C.在中国城市建设史留下浓墨重彩的一笔
D.在中国城市建设史留下淋漓尽致的一笔
二 阅读(70分)
(一)阅读下面的文章,完成3—7题(16分)
①主席:作为主持人,在我两边雷声贯耳的同时,眼前也交织着两组截然不同的世纪画面,忽而是伤感的咏叹调,忽而是激荡的主题曲。对20世纪的回忆会是凯歌高奏还是摇头叹息?让我们再听听双方的总结陈词吧。
②反方三辩:谢谢主席,大家好!我要在这里指出对方辩友的是,从我方一辩就已经明确地提出,今天我们的发展和进步是我们讨论的前提条件,您不能以此来作为它的论据。而应该在发展的基础上看,我们在发展的过程当中有什么喜事,有什么忧事啊!
③对方辩友,世纪回眸,有喜有忧。我方与对方辩友在对人类社会进步的必然性这点上已经达成共识,但是您到最后也没有告诉我,一旦人类自身走向了终结,那么所有的发展与成就都将灰飞烟灭,我们如何避免这种情况的出现?恰恰取决于我们的忧患意识啊!
④很高兴对方二辩在陈词中,就已经替我们明确地区分了什么是恐惧意识,什么是忧患意识,而且承认了忧患意识确确实实应该在我们每个人的心中生根。那么,我在这里应该告诉大家,我们就是应该先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐,以忧患意识使人类迈向更美好的明天。在这里,我想提出,老子曾说过:祸兮,福之所依;福兮,祸之所伏。喜忧之事常常是同一立场的两个方面。乐极生悲,满常招损,不可不察。
⑤另外,明确发展是主流,并不能直接得出喜大于忧的结论,应该分析主流是如何出现的,如何确立的以及如何继续保持这种主流。人类发展所带来的诸多灾难性的问题,难道还不能让我们警醒吗?难道还不值得我们忧患吗?
⑥下面,我将从正面总结我方观点:
⑦首先,回顾历史,忧大于喜。20世纪可谓成就巨大,但也损失惨重:历史上战乱不休,但哪个世纪的战敌杀人比得上20世纪?人类历史上暴君迭出,但哪一种武器比得上20世纪的原子弹能在瞬间夺走十几万人的生命?所以我们在看到了人类取得成就的同时,万不可沾沾自喜。其次,立足现实,忧大于喜。富国愈富,穷国愈穷,贫富差距越拉越大。每年有8亿人在挨饿,还有几百万人被饿死,我们能不忧患吗?当霸权主义四处横行,甚至把导弹扔到我们头上的时候,我们能不忧患吗?当人口在膨胀、环境在思化,宝贵的地球在呻吟的时候,朋友们我们能不忧患吗?第三,审视发展,忧大于喜。人类可谓越跑越快,可谓越飞越高。正如对方辩友所说,人类一直在进步。但是我们在攀登高峰的同时,也恰恰把自己置于危崖之上。我们创造力运强,破坏力越大,巨大的财富与高精尖的技术在带来进步与繁荣的同时,也潜伏着灭顶之灾。世界的一体化造成了千里之堤渍于蚁穴的危险局面,不能不使我们居安思危。第四。我们在相信人类的理性和正义的同时,我们不能不指出,20世纪众多忧患的根源:纳粹集中营、原子弹、战争、贫富悬殊、环境污染、人口膨胀,归根结底都是人类自身造成的。而这一切,不能不让我们警醒。我们不得不把认识自己、反省自己、控制自己当成是最大的历史使命。最后,我们说世纪回眸忧大于喜,更因为这是一种可取的价值态度,它比报喜不报忧更客观,比重喜而轻忧更冷静,比满足于过去而不正视挑战和困难更为理智。
⑨当人类第一次从太空看到地球,我们发现它不过是一个脆弱的星球,而它的美丽已经被人们或多或少地有所破坏。所以我们的结论是,锐意进取,不满是向上的车轮;居安思危,忧患是发愤的起点。谢谢大家!
⑨正方三辩:我也想感谢对方三辩,他在陈词中说让我们为了更美好的明天而奋斗,我想如果明天是更加美好,那我们又何必忧大于喜呢?黑格尔曾说:“历史的前进需要激情,但激情后隐藏的是理性。”听了对方辩友充满激情的发言,我很感动。但我也想起两位老先生,一位是杜甫,他说:“感时花溅泪,恨别鸟惊心。”就是说心态的不同会影响人对事物的评价。今天我们想象一下,如果让一个刚刚失恋的小伙子或姑娘来回眸世纪,岂只是忧大于喜,简直是有忧没有喜。所以说世纪回眸,我们需要理性而不是感情用事。我们应该提出一个科学的标准去评判忧喜,而不是一头扎进苦海里说有忧就是忧大。第二位老先生是刘禹锡,他说:“沉舟侧畔千帆过,病树前头万木春。”这是什么意思呢?看问题要用发展的眼光,不是用静止的眼光。可对方辩友只说到人口问题,没有看到人口增长速度正在放慢;只说到核武器问题,没看到我们正在进行全球性的核裁军。让我们大家想一想,既然我们大家注定要远航,何必空守那艘已经沉下去的破船,低唱凄凉的挽歌?我们要看到损失,但更要看到损失正在被弥补;我们要看到问题,但更要看到发展带来的问题必将在发展中解决。
⑩我想第二次感谢对方辩友,因为他们给我们提出了这么多问题,给我们找到了发展的前进的动力。正像马克思所说:“问题正是时代的口号。”世纪问题就是提出问题、解决问题的历史。的确,一个世纪的风雨历程留下的成就有目共睹,留下的问题确实客观存在。这就像一个人的成长一样,伴随着成长会有种种的困惑,但我们说没有人会拒绝长大,没有人说长大成人不好,忧大于喜,我不要长大,因为成长的过程就是一个排除困惑的过程,发展中留下了不和谐音符,那不过是人类成长的烦恼。1900年1月1日零点,有一个婴儿呱呱坠地,他睁开双眼开始瞻望全新的世纪.在他28岁那年,看到青霉素问世了,从此传染病病菌不再笑傲江湖;36岁那年他看到第一座电视台在英国成立,从此传播革命大幕拉开;69岁那年他看到阿波罗号腾空而起,从此人类可上九天揽月;85岁那年他看到内罗毕宣言发布,从此女人真正撑起了半边天:92岁那年他看到里约热内卢环发大会召开,从此可持续发展成为人类共同的选择。好,时钟在此刻停步,这个孩子转眼已经99岁了,不过我们不必担心他即将老去,即将走向衰亡,因为他的名字是生生不息的人类。我们祝愿,我们也有理由坚信他必将仙福永享,寿与天齐。
⑾回眸世纪,现代社会取代传统社会的趋势不可逆转,民主法制取代专制人治的趋势不可逆转,以人为本的可持续发展趋势不可逆转。这一切的一切使我们有足够的理由以一种所谓穷极了悲观原因的乐观主义来瞻望新世纪的美好前景。当第三个千年钟声响起之时,我们会看见这蓝色的星球在新的起点开始新的航程。我们希望,我们也相信,在那一刻对方辩友会和我们一样怀着激动的心情迎接新世纪的曙光。这是一个时间、空间、尘世间斗转星移的世纪,这是一个家事、国事、天下事沧海桑田的时代,路漫漫其修远兮,吾将上下而求索。
谢谢大家!
3.双方辩论的辩题是________________________________。(2分)
4.在文章②—⑤段中,反方三辩从哪四个方面对正方的结论予以了否定?(4分)
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5.正方三辩在总结陈词中两次“感谢”对方辩友,目的是( )。(2分)
A.找到了对方总结陈词中的漏洞,表达对反方三辩的揶揄和嘲讽。
B.为对方精彩的总结陈词喝彩,表达对反方三辩提出问题的重视。
C.是辩论中的常用语,既展现自己的风度,也表达对对手的尊重。
D.为双方观点能趋于一致感到欣慰,表达对即将赢得辩论的喜悦。
6.以下对文章内容理解分析不正确的一项是( )。(2分)
A.反方认为忧患并不等同于悲观,忧患意识恰是人类在新世纪持续发展的保证。
B.正方认为反方的总结陈词中夸大了20世纪人类遭遇的问题和灾难,太过悲观。
C.正反双方辩论焦点汇聚在人类在新世纪发展的前景上,对人类前途充满希望。
D.双方的总结陈词都不否认人类在新世纪面临的问题,表现出积极进取的态度。
7.如果你是评委,你认为哪一方的总结陈词更能打动你?请从论述的结构、逻辑的严谨和语言的感染力中任选两方面做一个评析。(6分)
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(二)阅读下面文章,完成8—12题(16分)
走进腾格里(节选) ①这是我第三次走进沙漠。每一次,沙漠总是让我变得跟一个小孩子似的。
②先是骑在骆驼上往沙漠里走。就这样,沿着沙地的起伏一路走下去,把身后的那个世界远远地甩在沙漠以外,甩掉人身上一切多余的东西。
③晚餐就在沙地上进行。两只馒头,一瓶水,再加上一点取自沙漠的野菜,就这几样东西。面包、水和盐,人的生活,最基本的无非就这几样东西。几千年几万年,真正支撑起人类历史的,也就是这几样。
④晚饭之后,夜色渐渐从沙地的低凹处爬上来,漫过沙丘,将天空也浸入其中。这不是一般涂抹在物体上的黑色,这是幽邃深远的晦暗,是亿万光年的未知领域。满天星光在闪烁。
⑤暗黑中,身子下面的沙丘仿佛在不断隆起,直到接近天空的高度。我仿佛是在地球的最高处,静静地、静静地面对浩瀚的星空。幽邃的夜空下,整张大地剩下来的就只有宁静,原来这宁静中有着永恒的东西。
⑥月亮升起来。这曾在千里之外照亮过童年的月亮,在李白的吟咏里传递千年的月光,有着嫦娥和桂花树的月亮。我们大老远地赶来,来到沙漠中间,就是为了这轮月亮!
⑦就像沙漠一样简单地面对,面对月亮,面对天空,很多年不曾这样静静地面对。天空是灵魂一样的蓝色,一轮明月就悬在灵魂中央。与身后无垠的宇宙相比,它是多么渺小。可是从那里传过来的光辉,却把大地照亮——对于我们来说,是这么辽阔的大地。月光就像浓情的乳汁,在地面上流淌。这喂养灵魂的乳汁!
⑧月光牵动人最深处最悠远的东西。早在生命出现之前,月光就已经牵动海潮;早在我们出现之前,月光就已经牵动母性的血液。现在,它是如此深刻地牵动我。我感到,我所要表达的,全都在那月亮上。你没法把你心里的东西说出来,月亮静静地把你要说的全部都铺在你面前。你一动,就有一道道逶迤的线条跟着你。你每走一步,都把沙漠、把大地的起伏、把遍地月光牵动。
⑨在我驻足的沙丘上,月光显得特别明亮。明晃晃的沙地上,一只甲虫爬过的痕迹显得格外醒目,六条腿,每一条都拖着一道带痕。在我的眼里这就是一部沙之书,一部自然的圣经。在这里,一只虫子的吟咏,一缕风,一株草,还有这充塞天地间的宁静,都带着哲人的意味。
⑩月亮是地球的一个梦,是人冻结在天空的一个梦。
8.文章第①段画线句的含义是___________________________________________________________。(3分)
9.赏析文章第④段画线句中“爬”“漫”“浸”三个动词的表达效果。(4分)
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10.第⑤段反复渲染营造宁静的氛围,作用是什么?(3分)
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11.下列对文章内容的概括和分析,不正确的一项是( )。(2分)
A.第②段“身后的那个世界”不仅指喧嚣的物质世界,也包括世俗的精神世界。
B.第⑦段中作者用“灵魂一样的蓝色”描写夜空,给读者一种深邃神秘的感觉。
C.文章依次写进入沙漠、沙漠晚餐、月夜静观等场景,情景交融,联想丰富。
D.本文重在表达对自然、历史文化以及生命意义的思考,主题内涵深刻独到。
12.“腾格里沙漠的月亮”是本文的主要意象,从写作思路的角度对其作用作简要分析。(4分)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(三)阅读下面的古诗,完成13—15题(8分)
赠从弟
【东汉】刘桢
亭亭山上松,瑟瑟谷中风。
风声一何盛,松枝一何劲。
冰霜正惨凄,终岁常端正。
岂不罹凝寒,松柏有本性。
【注】刘桢。东汉末年诗人,建安七子之一。从弟,堂弟。
13.这首诗第一句中“亭亭”表现出松树________________的形象。(2分)
14.对于这首诗的理解分析,下列正确的一项是( )。(2分)
A.这是一首五言律诗,首联对仗尤为工整。
B.第二句两个“一何”凸现强烈的感情色彩。
C.诗人由外而内揭示松柏孤傲不群的个性。
D.整首诗用借景抒情的手法表现精神追求。
15.刘桢的五言诗“风格道劲,语言质朴”,请结合本诗作简要赏析。(4分)
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(四)阅读下面文章,完成16—20题(17分)
①崔恭,字克让,广宗人。正统元年进士。除户部主事。出理延绥仓储,有能声。以杨溥荐,擢莱州.
知府。内地输辽东布,悉贮郡库,岁久朽敝,守者多破家。恭别构屋三十楹贮之,请约计岁输外,余以充本府军饷。遂放遣守者八百人。也先犯京师,遣民兵敦千入援。廷议城临清,檄发役夫。恭以方春民乏食,请俟秋成。居府六年,莱人以比汉杨震。
②景泰中,超迁湖广右布政使。诸司供给,率取之民。恭与僚佐约,悉罢之。公安、监利流民擅相杀。恭下令愿附籍者听,否则迨秋遣归,众遂定。寻迁江西左布政使。司有广济库,官吏干没五十万。恭白于...
巡抚韩雍,典守者咸获罪。定均徭法,酌轻重,十年一役,遂为定例。天顺二年,宁王奠培不法。恭劾之。.
削其护卫,王稍戢①。迁右副都御史,代李秉巡抚苏、松诸府。按部,进耆老言利病,为兴革。与都督徐恭浚仪真漕河,又浚常、镇河,避江险。已,大治吴淞江。起昆山夏界口,至上海白鹤江,又自白鹤江至嘉定卞家渡,迄庄家泾,凡浚万四千二百余丈。又浚曾家港、蒲汇塘、新泾诸水。民赖其利,目曾家港为“都堂浦”。初,周忱奏定耗羡②则例,李秉改定以赋之轻重逆盈缩。其例甚平,而难于稽算,吏不胜烦扰。恭乃罢去。悉如忱旧。
③吏部缺右侍郎,李贤、王翱举恭。遂召用。翱甚倚恭,转左。宪宗即位,乞致仕。不允。越五月,母丧归。服除,起南京吏部,劾罢诸司不识者数人。十一年春命参赞机务。居三年,致仕。又二年卒。赠太子少保,谥庄敏。
——《明史·列传第四十七》(有删节)
【注】①戢:收敛,停止。②耗羡:赋税的加耗部分抵朴实耗后的所余。
16.写出下列加点词在句中的意思。 (4分)
(1)除户部主事( ) (2)寻迁江西左布政使( ) ..
(3)官吏干没五十万( ) (4)酌轻重( ) ...
17.下列句中加点词意义和用法都相同的一项是( )。 (2分)
A.以杨溥荐,擢莱州知府。/余以充本府军饷。 ..
B.诸司供给,率取之民。/李秉改定以赋之轻重递盈缩。 ..
C.恭自于巡抚韩雍。/其例甚平,而难于稽算。 ..
D.遂放遣守者八百人。/十年一役,遂为定例。 ..
18.把下面的句子翻译成现代汉语。(5分)
延议域临清,檄发役夫。恭以方春民乏食,请俟秋成。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
19.对本文内容理解正确的一项是( )。(2分)
A.从为官履历看,崔恭的仕途一帆风顺,从未遭遇过贬谪罢黜。
2017上海高考英语普陀区一模
普陀区2016学年第一学期髙三英语质量调研
II. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A 10%
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The Importance of Accessibility Awareness
At a recent meeting, people with disabilities talked about their lives. I was amazed to hear about the challenges (21)____________(face) by people with physical disabilities. However, (22)_____________amazed me most was the great importance of education about handicap (残障)facilities.
Two women who (23)______________(use) wheelchairs all their life are two important members of the National Group for Disabled Persons, devoted to (24)_____________ (raise) awareness about disabilities. They educate about all the facilities for people with disabilities. One big concern is the people who take advantage of aids, such as handicap parking spaces. So people (25) ____________disabilities need to be educated about these facilities. And the meeting focused on educating the public.
Some handicap spots have extra room next to them, marked with the “No Parking” signs. “(26)________ ____________ ____________ I'm not in the spot, I can take the no-parking area next to it/5 some people say. However, the women (27)________________ use a wheelchair disagree to this. The space exists to allow someone in a wheelchair to have room to get in or out of their car. If there is a car in that space, the handicap parking spot is no longer useful.
Some walkways have handrails next to them to help those who require extra assistance. (28)__________it is a blind person seeking guidance or an elderly person seeking support, the rail is there for walking. Sometimes the rail is blocked, by a parked bicycle for instance, and consequently made useless. As with the parking spot, this is more likely a case of lack of education. People who (29)__________(inform) of the rail’s use would be less likely to mistake it for a bike rack(停放架).Meeting some of the people who are affected by the lack of education about facilities made me see that there is work to be done. If more people were educated about the proper uses of accommodations, there would be (30)_______(few) challenges for people with physical disabilities.
Section B 10%
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.{2017普陀区高三英语一模作文}.
Could It Be a Work by Rembrandt(伦勃朗)
Rembrandt is the most famous of the seventeenth-century Dutch painters.
However, there are __ 31 ___ whether some paintings attributed (归属)to
Rembrandt were actually painted by him. One such painting is known as attributed to
Rembrandt because of its style, and indeed the representation of the woman’s face is
very much like that of portraits known to be by Rembrandt. But
there are problems with the painting that ____ 32 ____ it could not be a work by
Rembrandt.
First, there is something inconsistent (不一致) about the way the woman in
the ___ 33 __ is dressed. She is wearing a white linen cap of a kind that only
servants would wear—-yet the coat she is wearing has a ____ 34 ___ fur collar that no servant could
afford. Rembrandt, who was known for his attention to the details of his subjects' clothing, would not have been _______ 35 ______ of such an inconsistency.
Second, Rembrandt was a master of painting light and _______ 36 ___ , but in this painting these
elements do not fit together. The face appears to be illuminated(照亮)by light ____ 37 _____ onto it
from below. But below the face is the dark fur collar, which would absorb light rather than reflect it. So the face should appear partially in shadow, which is not how it appears. Rembrandt would never have made such an error.
Finally, examination of the back of the painting _____ 38 __ that it was painted on a panel made
of several pieces of wood ___39___ together. Although Rembrandt often painted on wood panels (面板)s no painting known to be by Rembrandt was painted in this way.
For these reasons, the painting was ___ 40 ___ from the official catalog of Rembrandt’s paintings
in the 1930s.
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A 15%
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
A Question of Judgment
Human beings are, in principle, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions. At first glance, this might seem like a strength that __41__ people the ability to make judgments which are independent of __42__ factors. But in a world of quotas(配额)and limits—__43___, the world in which most professional people operate—Dr. Simonsohn reported in Psychological Science that it was actually a weakness since an inability to consider the big picture was leading decision-makers to be biased(有偏见)by the daily samples they were working with. For example, he supposed that a judge fearful of appearing too soft on crime might be more likely to send someone to prison ___44___ he had already sentenced five or six other defendants(被告)only to forced community service on that day.
To __45_ this idea, Dr. Simonsohn. and his assistants turned their attention to the university-admissions process. Admissions officers interview hundreds of applicants every year, at a rate of 4% a day, and can offer entry to about 40% of them. In theory, the ___46__ of an applicant should not depend on the few others ___47__ randomly for interview during the same day, but Dr. Simonsohn suspected the truth was otherwise.
He studied the results of 9,323 MBA interviews ___48___ by 31 admissions officers. The interviewers had rated applicants on a scale of one to five. This scale ___49___ numerous factors, including communication skills, personal drive, team-working ability and personal accomplishments, into consideration. The scores from this rating were ___50___ used in conjunction with an applicant's score on the GMAT, a standardized exam which is __51___ out of 800 points, to make a decision on whether to accept him or her.
Dr. Simonsohn found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one _52_ that, then the score for the next applicant would __53__ by an average of 0.075 points. This might sound small, but to reverse the effects of such a decrease, a candidate would need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwise have been necessary.
As for why people behave this way, Dr. Simonsohn proposes that after accepting a number of strong candidates, interviewers might form the illogical expectation that a __54__ candidate “is due”. Regardless of the reason, if this sort of thinking proves to have a similar effect on the judgments of those in other fields, such as law and medicine, it could be responsible for far worse things than the __55__ of qualified business-school candidates.
Section B 22%
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A).
Roald Dahl - the author who entertained people with classics like Matilda, Charlie and the Chocolate Factory and James and the Giant Peach - would have been 100 years old this year. Roald Dahl is most famous for the books he wrote for children, but he also wrote novels and short stories for adults, screenplays, and non-fiction, too!{2017普陀区高三英语一模作文}.
Roald Dahl was born near Cardiff, in Wales in 1916. His parents were from Norway, and they named him after Roald Amundsen, the famous Norwegian explorer. Roald was sent off to boarding school when he was only nine years old. He was very homesick, and had a hard time obeying the strict teachers and the headmaster. In those days, teachers would sometimes hit their students with a cane (藤条)when they misbehaved. This naturally made a lot of children very afraid of their teachers! Later on, Roald integrated this fear and distrust of adults into many of his children's books.
During World War II, Roald joined the Royal Air Force and flew missions over Africa, the Mediterranean, and the Middle East. At one point, his plane crashed in the Libyan Desert. He was temporarily blinded, and stranded in the middle of nowhere with a cracked skull and a broken nose. Fortunately, he was rescued, and within a few months had made a complete recovery. After his injuries forced him to leave the Air Force, Roald began writing. His first published piece was a magazine article about his plane crash. During the 1950s, he became an accomplished writer of short stories for adults. These stories usually featured mystery, suspense, and
a twist ending.
In 1961, Roald published James and the Giant Peach, which tells the story of a young boy who attempts to escape from his two nasty, abusive aunts. The boy finally gets away by sailing across the ocean inside a magical. giant peach and befriends the giant bugs that live inside it. James and the Giant Peach was prompted by the bedtime stories Roald would make up for his young daughters. He said that it was a challenge to keep them interested and attentive--- he had to make his stories funny, exciting, and original. In 1964, he wrote his most famous book--- Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, in which a poor boy wins a “golden ticket” to tour a mysterious world.
56. How did Roald Dahl’s experiences in World War II influence his later writing?
A. He was a pilot, and his first publication was about a plane crash.
B. He was in Navy, and his first publication dealt with life aboard a ship.
C. He was in the Army, and his first publication was set in Nazi-occupied Europe.
D. He worked in a military factory, and his first publication was about factory life.
57. Many of Roald Dahl’s children’s stories were inspired by ______ .
A. a vacation he took with his grandparents
B. his relationship with his parents
C. his time in the military
D. his time away at boarding school
58. What led Roald Dahl to write James and the Giant Peach? A. His lifelong love of peaches.
B. The bedtime stories he told his daughters.
C. The insects he found in his garden.
D. The cruelty he experienced at the hands of his aunts.
59. Which of these statements is an opinion about Roald Dahl?
A. He was the greatest children's author of the 20th century.
B. He published more than a dozen books for children.
C. James and the Giant Peach was his first book for children.
D. Several of his books were adapted into successful movies.
Children 11 years and under are 50%. Children 4 years and under are free.
60. Which holiday location doesn’t welcome young children?
A. Mountain Lodge. B. Pelican Resort. B. Cedar Lodge. D. None of the above.
61. According to the holiday advertisement, which of the following is NOT TRUE?
A. Both Mountain Lodge and Pelican Resort are close to the coast.
B. Tourists can't visit Pelican Resort in May because of the restoration.
C. All meals are included if tourists choose to go to the Pelican Resort.
D. Canoeing and cycling are provided at no extra cost at Cedar Lodge.
2017届普陀区高三一模语文试题及答案
2017届普陀区高三一模语文试题
一、积累运用(10分)
1、按题目要求填空。(5分)
(1)蟹六跪而二螯,___________________,用心躁也。(《 ·劝学》)(2分)
(2)渐风霜凄紧,关河冷落,___________________。(《八声甘州》)(1分)
(3)《山坡羊·潼关怀古》中感慨秦汉历史变迁的两句是“___________________,__________________”。(2分)
2、按题目要求选择。(5分)
(1)朋友将留学远行,依依不舍,此时最适合赠别朋友的是下列诗句中的( )。(2分)
A、但去莫复问,白云无尽时
B、海内存知己,天涯若比邻
C、桃花潭水深千尺,不及汪伦送我情
D、莫愁前路无知己,天下谁人不识君
(2)画线处最适合填入的选项是( )(3分)
在几代考古工作者50多年的不懈努力下,二里头遗址的全貌愈发清晰:这里发现了最早的城市干道网络,发现了最早的宫城,发现了最早的中轴线布局的宫殿建筑群……作为中国最早的王朝都城,二里头遗址开城市布局和规划的先河,___________________。
A、被中国城市建设史留下浓墨重彩的一笔
B、被中国城市建设史留下淋漓尽致的一笔
C、在中国城市建设史留下浓墨重彩的一笔
D、在中国城市建设史留下淋漓尽致的一笔
二、阅读(70分)
(一)阅读下面的文章,完成3—7题。(16分)
①主席:作为主持人,在我两边雷声贯耳的同时,眼前也交织着两组截然不同的世纪画面,忽而是伤感的咏叹调,忽而是激荡的主题曲。对20世纪的回忆会是凯歌高奏还是摇头叹息?让我们再听听双方的总结陈词吧。
②反方三辩: 谢谢主席,大家好!我要在这里指出对方辩友的是,从我方一辩就已经明确地提出,今天我们的发展和进步是我们讲座的前提条件,您不能以此来作为它的论据。而应该在发展的基础上看,我们在发展的过程当中有什么喜事,有什么忧事啊!
③对方辩友,世纪回眸,有喜有忧。我方辩友与对方辩友在对人类社会进步的必然性这一点上已经达成了共识,但是到您最后也没有告诉我,一旦人类自身走向了终结,那么所有的发展与成就都将灰飞烟灭,我们如何避免这种情况的出现?恰恰取决于我们的忧患意识啊!
④很高兴对方二辩在陈词中,就已经替我们明确地区分了什么是恐惧意识,什么是忧患意识。而且承认了忧患意识确确实实应该在我们每个人的心中生根。那么,我在这里应该告诉大家,我们就是应该先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐,以忧患意识使人类迈向更美好的明天。在这里,我想提出,老子曾说过:祸兮,福之所依;福兮,祸之所伏。喜忧之事常常是同一立场的两个方面。乐极生悲,满常招损,不可不察。
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⑤另外,明确发展是主流,并不能直接得出喜大于忧的结论,应该分析主流是如何出现的,如何确立的以及如何继续保持这种主流。人类发展所带来的诸多灾难性的问题,难道还不能让我们警醒吗?难道还不值得我们忧患吗? ⑥下面,我将从正面总结我方观点:
⑦首先,回顾历史,忧大于喜。20世纪可谓成就巨大,但也损失惨重:历史上战乱不休,但哪个世纪的战敌杀人比得上20世纪?人类历史上暴君迭出,但哪一种武器比得上20世纪的原子弹能在瞬间夺走十几万人的生命?所以我们在看到了人类取得成就的同时,万不可沾沾自喜。 其次,立足现实,忧大于喜。富国愈富,穷国愈穷,贫富差距越拉越在。每年有8亿人在挨饿,还有几百万人被饿死,我们能不忧患吗?当霸权主义四处横行,甚至把导弹扔到我们头上的时候,我们能不忧患吗?当人口在膨胀、环境在恶化,宝贵的地球在呻吟的时候,朋友们我们能不忧患吗? 第三,审视发展,忧大于喜。人类可谓越跑越快,可谓越飞越高。正如对方辩友所说,人类一直在进步。但是我们在攀登高峰的同时,也恰恰把自己置于危崖之上。我们创造力越强,破坏力越大,巨大的财富与高精尖的技术在带来进步与繁荣的同时,也潜伏着灭顶之灾。世界的一体化造成了千里之堤溃于蚁穴的危险局面,不能不使我们居安思危。第四,我们在相信人类的理性和正义的同时,我们不能不指出,20世纪众多忧患的根源。纳粹集中营、原子弹、战争、贫富悬殊、环境污染、人口膨胀,归根结底都是人类自身造成的。而这一切,不能不让我们警醒。我们不得不把认识自己、反省自己、控制自己当成是最大的历史使命。最后,我们说世纪回眸忧大于喜,更因为这是一种可取的价值态度,它比报喜不报忧更客观,比重喜而轻忧更冷静,比满足于过去而不正视挑战和困难更为理智。
⑧当人类第一次从太空看到地球,我们发现它不过是一个脆弱的星球,而它的美丽已经被人们或多或少地有所破坏。所以我们的结论是,锐意进取,不满是向上的车轮;居安思危,忧患是发愤的起点。谢谢大家!
⑨正方三辩:我也想而奋斗,我想如果明天是更加美好,那我们又何必忧大于喜呢?黑格尔曾说:“历史的前进需要激情,但激情后隐藏的是理性。”听了对方辩友充满激情的发言,我很感动。但我也想起两位老先,一位是杜甫,他说:“感时花溅泪,恨别鸟惊心。”就是说心态的不同会影响人对事物的评价。今天我们想象一下,如果让一个刚刚失恋的小伙子或姑娘来回眸世纪,岂只是忧大于喜,简直是没有忧没有喜。所以说世纪回眸,我们需要理性而不是感情用事。我们应该提出一个科学的标准去评判忧喜,而不是一头扎进苦海里说有忧就是忧大。第二位老先生是刘禹锡,他说:“沉舟侧畔千帆过,病树前头万木春。”这是什么意思呢?看问题要用发展的眼光,不是用静止的眼光。可对方辩友只说到人口问题,没有看到人口增长速度正在放慢;只说到核武器问题,没看到我们正在进行全球性的核裁军。让我们大家想一想,既然我们大家注定要远航,何必空守那艘已经沉下去的破船,低唱凄凉的晚歌?我们要看到损失,但更要看到损失正在被弥补;我们要看到问题,但更要看到发展带来的问题必将在发展中解决。
⑩我想对方辩友,因为他们给我们提出了这么多问题,给我们找到了发展的前进的动力。正像马克思所说:“问题正是时代的口号。”世纪问题就是提出问题、解决问题的历史。的确,一个世纪的风雨历程留下的成就有目共睹,留下的问题呢确实客观存在,这就像一个人的成长一样,伴随着成长会有种种的困惑,但我们说没有人会拒绝长大,没有人说长大成人不好,忧大于喜,我不要
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长大,因为成长的过程就是一个排除困惑的过程。发展中留下了不和谐音符,那不过是人类成长的烦恼。1900年1月1日零点,有一个婴儿呱呱坠地,他睁开双眼开始瞻望全新的世纪。在他28岁那年,看到青霉素问世了,从此传染病病菌不再笑傲江湖;36岁那年他看到第一座电视台在英国成立,从此传播革命大幕拉开;69岁那年他看到阿波罗号腾空而起,从此人类可上九天揽月;85岁那年他看到内罗毕宣言发布,从此女人真正撑起了半边天;92岁那年他看到里约热内卢环发大会召开,从此可持续发展成为人类共同的选择。好,时钟在此刻停步,这个孩子转眼已经99岁了,不过我们不必担心他即将老去,即将走向灭亡,因为他的名字是生生不息的人类。我们祝愿,我们也有理由坚信他必将仙福永享,寿与天齐。
⑪回眸世纪,现代社会取代传统社会的趋势不可逆转,民主法制取代专制人治的趋势不可逆转,以人为本的可持续发展趋势不可逆转,这一切的一切使我们又足够理由以一种所谓穷极了悲观原因的乐观主义来瞻望新世纪的美好前景。当第三个千年钟声响起之时,我们会看见这蓝色的星球在新的起点开始新的航程。我们希望,我们也相信,在那一刻对方辩友会和我们一样怀着激动的心情迎接新世纪的曙光。这是一个时间、空间、尘世间斗转星移的世纪,这是一个家事、国事、天下事沧海桑田的时代,路漫漫其修远兮,吾将上下而求索。谢谢大家!
3、双方辩论的辩题是 。(2分)
4、在文章②-⑤段中,反方三辩从哪四个方面对正方的结论予以了否定?(4分)
5、正方三辩在总结陈词中两次“感谢”对方辩友,目的是( )(2分)
A、找到了对方总结陈词中漏洞,表达对反方三辩的揶揄和嘲讽。
B、为对方精彩的总结陈词喝彩,表达对反方三辩提出问题的重视。
C、是辩论中的常用语,既展现自己的风度,也表达对对手的尊重。
D、为双方观点能趋于一致感到欣慰,表达对即将赢得辩论的喜悦。
6、以下对文章内容理解分析不正确的一项是( )(2分)
A、反方认为忧患并不等同于悲观,忧患意识恰是人类在新世纪持续发展的保证。
B、正方认为反方的总结陈词中夸大了20世纪人类遭遇的问题和灾难,太过悲观。
C、正反方辩论的焦点汇聚在人类在新世纪发展的前景上,对人类前途充满希望。
D、双方的总结陈词都不否认人类在新世纪面临的问题,表现出积极进取的态度。
7、如果你是评委,你认为哪一方的总结陈词更能打动你?请从论述的结构、逻辑的严谨和语言的感染力中任选两方面做一个评析。(6分)
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(二)阅读下面文章,完成8—12题。(16分)
走进腾格里(节选)
①这是我第三次走进沙漠。每一次,沙漠总是让我变得跟一个小孩子似的。 ②先是骑在骆驼上往沙漠里走。就这样,沿着沙地的起伏一路走下去,把身后的那个世界远远地甩在沙漠以外,甩掉人身上一切多余的东西。
③晚餐就在沙地上进行。两只馒头,一瓶水,再加上一点取自沙漠的野菜,就这样几样东西。面包、水和盐,人的生活,最基本的无非就这几样东西。几千年几万年,真正支撑起人类历史的,也就是这几样。
其中。这不是一般涂抹在物体上的黑色,这是幽邃深远的晦暗,是亿万光年的未知领域。满天星光在闪烁。多少年不曾见过如此繁浩的星光,仿佛天空把这么多年的星光一齐拿到这里来闪耀。
⑤暗黑中,身子下面的沙丘仿佛在不断隆起,直到接近天空的高度。我仿佛是在地球的最高处,静静地、静静地面对浩瀚的星空。幽邃的夜空下,整张大地剩下来的就只有宁静,原来这宁静中有着永恒的东西。
⑥月亮升起来。这曾在千里之外照亮过童年的月亮,在李白的吟咏里传递千年的月光,有着嫦娥和桂花树的月亮。我们大老远地赶来,来到沙漠中间,就是为了这轮月亮!
⑦就像沙漠一样简单地面对,面对月亮,面对天空,很多年不曾这样静静地面对。天空是灵魂一样的蓝色,一轮明月就悬在灵魂中央。与身后无垠的宇宙相比,它是多么渺小。可是从那里传过来的光辉,却把大地照亮——对于我们来说,是这么辽阔的大地。月光就像浓情的乳汁,在地面上流淌。这喂养灵魂的乳汁!
⑧月光牵动人最深处最悠远的东西。早在生命出现之前,月光就已经牵动海潮;早在我们出现之前,月光就已经牵动母性的血液。现在,它是如此深刻地牵动我。我感到,我所要表达的,全都在那月亮上。你没法把你心里的东西说出来,月亮静静地把你要说的全部都铺在你面前。你一动,就有一道道逶迤的线条跟着你。你每走一步,都把沙漠、把大地的起伏、把遍地月光牵动。
⑨在我驻足的沙丘上,月光显得特别明亮。明晃晃的沙地上,一只甲虫爬过的痕迹显得格外醒目,六条腿,每一条都拖着一道带痕。在我的眼里这就是一部沙之书,一部自然的圣经。在这里,一只虫子的吟咏,一缕风,一株草,还有这充塞天地间的宁静,都带着哲人的意味。
⑩月亮是地球的一个梦,是人冻结在天空的一个梦。
8、文章第①段画线句的含义是 。(3分)
9、赏析文章第④段画线句中“爬”“漫”“浸”三个动词的表达效果。(4分)
10、第⑤段反复渲染营造宁静的氛围,作用是什么?(3分){2017普陀区高三英语一模作文}.
11、下列对文章内容的概括和分析,不正确的一项是( )(2分)
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A、第②段“身后的那个世界”不仅指喧嚣的物质世界,也包括世俗的精神世界。
B、第⑦段中作者用“灵魂一样的蓝色”描写夜空,给读者一种深邃神秘的感觉。
C、文章依次从进入沙漠、沙漠晚餐、月夜静观等场景,情景交融,联想丰富。
D、本文重在表达对自然、历史文化以及生命意义的思考,主题内涵深刻独到。
12、“腾格里沙漠的月亮”是本文的主要意象,从写作思路的角度对其作用作简要分析。(4分)
(三)阅读下面的古诗,完成13-15题。(8分)
赠从弟①
【东汉】刘桢
亭亭山上松,瑟瑟谷中风。
风声一何盛,松枝一何劲!
冰霜正惨凄,终岁常端正。
岂不罹凝寒,松柏有本性!
【注】刘桢,东汉末年诗人,建安七子之一。从弟,堂弟。
13、这首诗第一句中“亭亭”表现出松树 的形象。(2分)
14、对于这首诗的理解分析,下列正确的一项是( )。(2分)
A、这是一首五言律诗,首联对仗尤为工整。{2017普陀区高三英语一模作文}.
B、第二句两个“一何”凸现强烈的情感色彩。
C、诗人由外而内揭示松柏孤傲不群的个性。
D、整首诗用借景抒情的手法表现精神追求。
15、刘祯的五言诗“风格遒劲,语言质朴”,请结合本诗歌作简要赏析。(4分)
(四)阅读下面文章,完成16—20题。(17分)
①崔恭,字克让,广宗人。正统元年进士。除户部主事。出理延绥仓储,有能声。以杨溥荐,擢莱州知府。内地输辽东布,悉贮郡库,岁久朽敝,守者多破家。恭别构屋三十楹贮之,请约计岁输外,余以充本府军饷,遂放遣守者八百人。也先犯京师,遣民兵数千入援。廷议城临清,檄发役夫。恭以方春民乏食,请俟秋成。居府六年,莱人以比汉杨震。
②景泰中,超迁湖广右布政使。诸司供给,率取之民。恭与僚佐约,悉罢之。公安、监利流民擅相杀。恭下令愿附籍者听,否则迨秋遣归,众遂定。寻迁江西左布政使。司有广济库,官吏干没五十万。恭白于巡抚韩雍,典守者咸获罪。定均徭法,酌轻重,十年一役,遂为定例。天顺二年,宁王奠培不法,恭劾之。削其护卫,王稍戢①。迁右副都御史,代李秉巡抚苏、松诸府。按部,进耆老言利病,为兴革。与都督徐恭浚仪真漕河,又浚常、镇河,避江险。已,大治吴淞江。起昆山夏界口,至上海白鹤江,又自白鹤江至嘉定卞家渡,迄庄家泾,凡浚万四千二百余丈。又浚曹家港、蒲汇塘、新泾诸水。民赖其利,目曹家港为“都堂浦”。初,周忱奏定耗羡②则例,李秉改定以赋之轻重递盈缩。其例甚平,而难于稽算,吏不胜烦扰。恭乃罢去,悉如忱旧。
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再现那一幕+2017上海普陀区一模作文深度解析+范文
再现那一幕|2017普陀区一模作文深度解析+范文 2016.12.27进行了第一场初三中考一模考试,一大早普陀区的作文题目就出来了,题目为:再现那一幕,今天为大家做一下深度解析,同时还有两篇范文做参考,供大家交流学习。
普陀区一模作文解析:
①“再现”就是再一次出现,可以是出现在眼前也可以是出现在脑海。
②再现