管理学 点击: 2014-03-19
英语谚语(研究性学习论文)
英语谚语(研究性学习论文)
组长:潘轶超
组员:王超颖,季佳熔,冯泽伟,陈晓峰,江黎健
单位:江苏省苏州市第十中学高二年2班
指导教师:周晓燕
A:Hi,B. There you. My dogs are barking. I want to tell you a good news.
B: Is it that we will point the town red?
A: Yes, I would have told you of blue. We know you have green fingers, so we want you to look after some flowers.
B: It’s a piece of cake. I will face the music.
这一简短的对话,对于一个英语不大熟悉的人来说,恐怕就不那么容易理解了。因为这其中包含了七八个谚语,如:My dogs are barking.(我的脚走得都痛了);point the town red(狂欢);out of blue(出其不意);a piece of cake(小菜一碟);face the music(负责任)等。
英语谚语的起源,十分简单,一是来自平凡人民,二是来自名人。民间的大抵通俗的、有调侃的、风趣的话,如“He is the life of the party.”(他是聚会的灵魂人物);“Travel broadens the mind.”(旅行可增长见闻。注:讽刺守财奴);“You are what you eat.”(吃什么像什么);“Hired、tired and fired.”(被录用,劳碌工作而后被吵鱿鱼)。然而,有更多的俚语、习语却不易懂,如:“Beauty lies in the lovers’ eyes.”(情人眼里出西施);“A new brown sweeps clean.”(新官上任三把火);“Fast and loose;off and on.”(三天打鱼,两天晒网);“It’s lonely at the top.”(高处不胜寒);“A dog is the manger.”(占着茅坑不拉屎)等。名人的警句,反因为多是鞭策或表达某种观点而显得一目了然,如:“Destiny is not a matter of chance, it is a matter of choice; it’s not a thing to be waited for, it is a thing to be achieved.”(命运不是机会,而是一种选择;命运不能靠等待,只能靠争取);“To a crazy ship all winds are contrary.”(对于一艘盲目航行的船来说,所有方向的风都是逆风);“By ignorance we mistakes, and by mistakes we learn.”(由于无知我们犯错误,由于犯错误我们长见识);“You can not lose what you never had.”(你不曾有过的东西,你不可能失去);“Great works are performed not by strength, but by perseverance.”(办不成大事不在于体力,而在于毅力)等。
到底英语谚语有何用处,最现实的无非是对高考有益。因此,我们平时就必须注重积累,用句话来说就是If a window of opportunity appears, don’t pull down the shade(假如机遇窗出现,切勿拉上窗帘),更重要的切勿It goes in one ear and out the other(左耳进,右耳出)。如上课时老师说过的“You are a luck dog!”(你是一个幸运的家伙);“I am counting on you.”(我就指望你了);“Good question.”(问得好);“You hit the bull’s eye.”(没错,就是这样);“Don’t beat around the bush.”(你到底要说什么)等我们就可以记下来。试题中的谚语也必须注意,如:“You can’t have your cake and eat it too.”(鱼和熊掌,不可兼得);“Don’t let it get you down.”(不要担心);“Better than nothing.”(别人家的草总是绿些);“If winter comes, can spring be far behind?”(冬天来了,春天还会远吗?)等。再说当今社会是人才竞争的社会,
随着中国加入WTO,英语在我国就显示出了它的重要性,而英语谚语作为英语的重要组成成分,就显得尤为重要。毕竟说一口地道的英语,可以增加亲切感,当你祝朋友一路顺风时别忘了溜一句“It was smooth all the way.”
大多数英语都反映了人们的观点,如:“All things are difficult before they are easy.”(万事开头难);“Action speaks louder than words.”(事实胜于雄辩);“In unity there is strength.”(团结就是力量);“He that is ill to himself will be good to nobody.”(不能自爱焉能爱人);“Time and tide wait for no man.”(岁月不饶人)等。其中有些英语谚语具有一定的警告性,我们可以拿来当作座右铭以鞭策自己,如:“If you work at it hard enough, you can grind an iron rod into a needle.”(只要功夫深,铁杵磨成针);“Opportunity knocks (at the door),but once.”(机不可失,时不再来);“Pride goes before a fall.”(骄兵必败);“Circumstances are the rulers of the weeks, instruments of the wise.”(弱者困于环境,智者利用环境);“Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success.”(自信是跨上成功的第一步)等。
通过学习英语谚语我们可以更好地了解一些欧美文化,而倘若你对英语谚语一无所知的话,便会闹出许多笑话。曾经有一位中国女大学生到美国去打工,有一回她有事找经理请假,经理听完后说:“Let me sleep on it.”这位女大学生误以为是经理在羞辱她。其实,这句话的意思是:“让我考虑一下!”还有,假如现在我对你说:“Can you scratch my back!”你可能会误以为我是在叫你为我搔背,其实这句话的意思是:“你可以帮我一下忙吗?”更糗的是,倘若你正在给一个人讲一件繁琐冗长的事时,对方问你:“What’s the beef?”(重点在哪儿?),而你却以为他是在问你“牛肉是什么”,那时你会恨不得挖个洞钻进去。还有当别人对你说:“You are really something else!”(你真是百里挑一),你却以为他在骂你而狠狠地K他一顿,那么恐怕麻烦就大了。
在日常的谈吐中,我们可以用一些英语来表达自己的情感,而如果我们能在讲英语的时候穿插一些谚语,则会使我们的谈吐显得风趣幽默。如当你发现某人说错话或做错事时,你可以对他说:“You put your foot in your mouth.”(你错了);当你请别人吃饭时,可以说:“This is my treat.”(这顿我请客)以显示出你的大方;当你夸张别人时,可以说:“You are a walking dictionary.”(你是本活字典。注:形容学识渊博),这足以让对方心花怒放。再想,如果你一打开活匣子,脱口而出的是许多生活化的词汇,那足让你兴奋不已,比如一些简单易记的:“That’s easy as pie!”(小事一桩);“You bet!”(当然);“It’s now or never.”(现在正是时候)等。
自然,英语谚语的知识远远不止这些,还有更多等着我们去收集,如:“Let me buy you a drink.”(我请你喝一杯);“There is a skeleton in every closet!”(家家有本难念的经);“Don’t envy other people because happiness is always nearly.”(别光羡慕别人,因为快乐就在你身边);“Instead, life is like revolving door, when it closes it also opens.”(其实,生活就像一道旋转门,当他关闭时,也为你打开了另一扇);“To know everything is to know nothing.”(万事皆通等于万事不通)。所以我们必须注重日常生活的积累,做到掌握英语谚语与了解欧美文化同步进行,在了解其起源、作用后,学习便是重心,而学好英语谚语的办法就是多查,勤记,善用。总之,学习英语谚语是一个循序渐进的过程。
英语谚语 俚语
A
A bad beginning makes a bad ending.
不善始者不善终。
A bad workman always blames his tools.
不会撑船怪河弯。
A bird in the hand is worth than two in the bush.
一鸟在手胜过双鸟在林。
A boaster and a liar are cousins-german.
吹牛与说谎本是同宗。
A bully is always a coward.
色厉内荏。
A burden of one"s choice is not felt.
爱挑的担子不嫌重。
A candle lights others and consumes itself.
蜡烛照亮别人,却毁灭了自己。
A cat has 9 lives.
猫有九条命。
A cat may look at a king.
人人平等。
A close mouth catches no flies.
病从口入。
A constant guest is never welcome.
常客令人厌。
Actions speak louder than words.
事实胜于雄辩。
Adversity leads to prosperity.
穷则思变。
Adversity makes a man wise, not rich.
逆境出人才。
A fair death honors the whole life.
死得其所,流芳百世。
A faithful friend is hard to find.
知音难觅。
A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit.
吃一堑,长一智。
A fox may grow gray, but never good.
江山易改,本性难移。
A friend in need is a friend indeed.
患难见真情。
A friend is easier lost than found.
得朋友难,失朋友易。
A friend is never known till a man has need.{与英语有关的俚语谚语论文}.
需要之时方知友。
A friend without faults will never be found.
没有十全十美的朋友。
"After you" is good manners.
“您先请”是礼貌。
A good beginning is half done.
良好的开端是成功的一半。
A good beginning makes a good ending.
善始者善终。
A good book is a good friend.
好书如挚友。
A good book is the best of friends, the same today and forever. 一本好书,相伴一生。
A good conscience is a soft pillow.
不做亏心事,不怕鬼叫门。
A good fame is better than a good face.
美名胜过美貌。
A good husband makes a good wife.
夫善则妻贤。
A good medicine tastes bitter.
良药苦口。
A good wife health is a man„s best wealth. 妻贤身体好是男人最大的财富。
A great talker is a great liar.
说大话者多谎言。
A hedge between keeps friendship green. 君子之交淡如水。
A joke never gains an enemy but loses a friend. 戏谑不能化敌为友,只能使人失去朋友。
A leopard cannot change its spots.
积习难改。
A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth. 说谎者即使讲真话也没人相信。
A light heart lives long.
静以修身。
A little body often harbors a great soul. 浓缩的都是精品。
A little knowledge is a dangerous thing. 一知半解,自欺欺人。
A little pot is soon hot.
狗肚子盛不得四两油。
All are brave when the enemy flies.
敌人逃窜时,人人都成了勇士。
All good things come to an end.
天下没有不散的筵席。
All rivers run into sea.{与英语有关的俚语谚语论文}.
海纳百川。
All roads lead to Rome.
条条大路通罗马。
All that ends well is well.
结果好,就一切都好。
All that glitters is not gold.
闪光的不一定都是金子。
All things are difficult before they are easy. 凡事总是由难而易。
All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只会用功不玩耍,聪明孩子也变傻。
A man becomes learned by asking questions. 不耻下问才能有学问。
A man can do no more than he can. 凡事都应量力而行。
A man cannot spin and reel at the same time. 一心不能二用。
英语俗语俚语
容易犯错的英语口语
1. The house is really A-1.
(误译)那间房子的门牌确实是A-1号。
(正译)那间房子确实是一流的。
2. He bought a baker's dozen of biscuits.
(误译)他买了面包师做的12块饼干。
(正译)他买了13块饼干。
3. A bull of Bashan woke the sleeping child with his noise.
(误译)贝兴的一头公牛弄醒了那个酣睡的孩子。
(正译)一个大嗓门的人把那个酣睡的孩子吵醒了。
4. He was a cat in the pan.
(误译)他是盘子中的一只猫。
(正译)他是个叛徒。
5. A cat may look at a king.
(误译)一只猫都可以看到国王。
(正译)小人物也该有同等权利。
6. Even a hair of dog didn't make him feel better.
(误译)即使一根狗毛也不会使他觉得好些。
(正译)即使是再喝解宿醉的一杯酒,也不会使他觉得好些。
7. Is he a Jonah?
(误译)他就是叫约拿吗?
(正译)他是带来厄运的人吗?
8. Jim is fond of a leap in the dark.
(误译)吉姆喜欢在黑暗处跳跃。{与英语有关的俚语谚语论文}.
(正译)吉姆喜欢冒险行事。
9. A little bird told me the news.
(误译)一只小鸟将此消息告诉我。
(正译)消息灵通的人士将此消息告诉我。
10. Angela is a man of a woman.
(误译)安吉拉是个有妇之夫。
(正译)安吉拉是个像男人的女人。
11. Nellie is a man of his word.
(误译)内莉是他所说的那个人。
(正译)内莉是个守信用的人。
12. He paid a matter of 1000 yuan.
(误译)他付了1000元的货物账。
(正译)他大约付了1000元。
13. It is a nice kettle of fish! I have a stomachache.
(误译)这是一锅好鱼,(可惜)我胃痛。
(正译)真糟糕,我胃痛了。
14. She is a nose of wax.
(误译)她的鼻子是腊制的义鼻。
(正译)她没有主见。
15. Glen spent a small fortune on a tour round the world.
(误译)格伦花了一笔小钱周游世界。
(正译)格伦花了巨资周游世界。
16. He is very glad that his wife's going to get a visit from the stork.
(误译)他为她的妻子将获得参观鹳鸟的机会感到非常高兴。
(正译)他为妻子即将生孩子感到非常高兴。
17. Archibaid was a whale at fishing in his young days.
(误译)阿奇比德年轻时捕鱼捕到了一条鲸鱼。
(正译)阿奇比德年轻时擅长捕鱼。
18. Is there a world of difference between Kenneth and Louie?
(误译)肯尼斯和路易是生活在不同的世界吗?
(正译)肯尼斯和路易之间有极大的不同吗?
19. The ABC hopes to settle in China.
(误译)那个美国广播公司希望在中国设立公司。
(误译)那个在美国土生土长的华裔希望在中国定居。
20. Bruce was taken up above the salt.
(误译)布鲁斯坐在盐上。
(正译)布鲁斯被请坐上席。
10句流行的地道英语口语
有时候在 ICQ 上同时和老美和老中用英文聊天, 通常用不了多久, 我很快就能分别出这是老美的英文还是老中的英文. 就算同样是用那些单字, 老美用的英文就是有一种特别的味道. 因为我发觉老美常常会 "换句话说". 整句话的味道就不一样. 例如 "me too." 没有人不知道吧! 但老美不只会用 "me too." 他们还会用 "same here." 虽然 same 跟 here 你我都认识, 但我们就不会说 "same here." 对吧! 其实这就是我所说的味道. 大家不要一味地去追求艰深的单字和用法, 反而是要对日常生活中常用到的单字片语要有活用的能力, 这样你的美语听起来才会地道. 这次大家来学学这十句简单的用法, 看看能不能让自己的美语活起来.
1. Do you have any pet peeve?
你有什么样的怪毛病吗?
所谓的 pet peeve 就是个人生活习惯上的一些小毛病, 例如有些人不喜欢别人碰他的电脑, 要是你碰他的电脑他就会不高兴, 这就是所谓的 pet peeve. (而非 bad habit.) 通常 pet peeve 都是比较无伤大雅的小毛病, 几乎每个人都有属于他自己的 pet peeve. 所以就有老美跟我说过, "Everybody has his pet peeve." 当然 pet peeve 也常常成为老美谈话之间彼此开玩笑的话题. 记 "Friends" 有一集就是两边人马在比快问快答, 而其中有一类的问题就是 pet peeves. 蛮有意思的.
如果是这个坏习惯大到会影响别人, 像是在公共场所老是讲话很大声, 这就不是 pet peeve, 而要用 annoying 来形容. 例如我就常听老美抱怨, "Don't you think he is annoying?" (你不觉得他很烦吗?)
2. Maybe I'm going out on a limb, but I think we still have to invest it.
或许这么作有点冒险, 但我想我们还是要投资它.
一般人想到冒险, 直觉的反应就是, "It's risky" 或是 "It's dangerous." 但是囗语上老美喜欢说, "I'm going out on a limb." 来表示这件事需要冒险. 这个 limb 原意是指树枝, 想象当你爬树时爬到小树枝上去了,你是不是不知小树枝什么时候会断掉? 这种不确定的危机感, 就是为什么老美要用 "Go out on a limb." 来表示冒险的原因了. 例如你来到一个清澈的河边, 你很想下去游泳, 但四周又没有救生员, 这时你就可以说, "Maybe I'm going out on a limb, but I think I am gonna try it." (我知道这么作有点冒险, 但我还是要试试看.)
3. I don't have skeleton in my closet.
我没有什么不可告人的秘密.
每次竞选期间一到, 一定会看到候选人争相证明自己的过去是清白的, 没有什么不可告人的秘密. 这句话在英文里要怎么讲呢? 当然最简单的说法就是, "I don't have any secret in the past." 但是这样的说法不如俚语的用法 "I don't have skeleton in my closet" 来得传神. 在这里 skeleton 是指骷髅, 而 closet 是指衣柜的意思, 各位不难想象, 一个人把骷髅藏在自己的衣柜里作什么? 一定是有不可告人的秘密. 例如你在高中时考试作弊被抓到, 还被记了一个大过, 但你长大之后这件事再也没有人提过, 所以你也不想别人知道. 这件考试作弊就变成是你的 skeleton in the closet.
有时候我自己也会别出心裁, 把这句话改变一下, 展现一下自己的幽默感. 例如有次我室友不让我进他房里, 我就用这句话亏他, "Do you have any skeleton in your room?" (你房里是不是有什么不可告人的秘密啊?) 当然 in your room 是我自己改的, 但在那样的情况下, 却有另一番的味道.
关于英语谚语
关于英语谚语
江苏省教院附属高中 高二9班 庞天娇
A:Hi,B. There you. My dogs are barking. I want to tell you a good news. B: Is it that we will point the town red?
A: Yes, I would have told you of blue. We know you have green fingers, so we want you to look after some flowers.
B: It’s a piece of cake. I will face the music.
这一简短的对话,对于一个英语不大熟悉的人来说,恐怕就不那么容易理解了。因为这其中包含了七八个谚语,如:My dogs are barking.(我的脚走得都痛了);point the town red(狂欢);out of blue(出其不意);a piece of cake(小菜一碟);face the music(负责任)等。
英语谚语的起源,十分简单,一是来自平凡人民,二是来自名人。民间的大抵通俗的、有调侃的、风趣的话,如“He is the life of the party.”(他是聚会的灵魂人物);“Travel broadens the mind.”(旅行可增长见闻。注:讽刺守财奴);“You are what you eat.”(吃什么像什么);“Hired、tired and fired.”(被录用,劳碌工作而后被吵鱿鱼)。然而,有更多的俚语、习语却不易懂,如:“Beauty lies in the lovers’ eyes.”(情人眼里出西施);“A new brown sweeps clean.”(新官上任三把火);“Fast and loose;off and on.”(三天打鱼,两天晒网);“It’s lonely at the top.”(高处不胜寒);“A dog is the manger.”(占着茅坑不拉屎)等。名人的警句,反因为多是鞭策或表达某种观点而显得一目了然,如:“Destiny is not a matter of chance, it is a matter of choice; it’s not a thing to be waited for, it is a thing to be achieved.”(命运不是机会,而是一种选择;命运不能靠等待,只能靠争取);“To a crazy ship all winds are contrary.”(对于一艘盲目航行的船来说,所有方向的风都是逆风);“By ignorance we mistakes, and by mistakes we learn.”(由于无知我们犯错误,由于犯错误我们长见识);“You can not lose what you never had.”(你不曾有过的东西,你不可能失去);“Great works are performed not by strength, but by perseverance.”(办不成大事不在于体力,而在于毅力)等。
到底英语谚语有何用处,最现实的无非是对高考有益。因此,我们平时就必须注重积累,用句话来说就是If a window of opportunity appears, don’t pull down the shade(假如机遇窗出现,切勿拉上窗帘),更重要的切勿It goes in one ear and out the other(左耳进,右耳出)。如上课时老师说过的“You are a luck dog!”(你是一个幸运的家伙);“I am counting on you.”(我就指望你了);“Good question.”(问得好);“You hit the bull’s eye.”(没错,就是这样);“Don’t beat around the bush.”(你到底要说什么)等我们就可以记下来。试题中的谚语也必须注意,如:“You can’t have your cake and eat it too.”(鱼和熊掌,不可兼得);“Don’t let it get you down.”(不要担心);“Better than nothing.”(别人家的草总是绿些);“If winter comes, can spring be far behind?”(冬天来了,春天还会远吗?)等。再说当今社会是人才竞争的社会,随着中国加入WTO,英语在我国就显示出了它的重要性,而英语谚语作为英语的重要组成成分,就显得尤为重
要。毕竟说一口地道的英语,可以增加亲切感,当你祝朋友一路顺风时别忘了溜一句“It was smooth all the way.”
大多数英语都反映了人们的观点,如:“All things are difficult before they are easy.”(万事开头难);“Action speaks louder than words.”(事实胜于雄辩);“In unity there is strength.”(团结就是力量);“He that is ill to himself will be good to nobody.”(不能自爱焉能爱人);“Time and tide wait for no man.”(岁月不饶人)等。其中有些英语谚语具有一定的警告性,我们可以拿来当作座右铭以鞭策自己,如:“If you work at it hard enough, you can grind an iron rod into a needle.”(只要功夫深,铁杵磨成针);“Opportunity knocks (at the door),but once.”(机不可失,时不再来);“Pride goes before a fall.”(骄兵必败);“Circumstances are the rulers of the weeks, instruments of the wise.”(弱者困于环境,智者利用环境);“Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success.”(自信是跨上成功的第一步)等。
通过学习英语谚语我们可以更好地了解一些欧美文化,而倘若你对英语谚语一无所知的话,便会闹出许多笑话。曾经有一位中国女大学生到美国去打工,有一回她有事找经理请假,经理听完后说:“Let me sleep on it.”这位女大学生误以为是经理在羞辱她。其实,这句话的意思是:“让我考虑一下!”还有,假如现在我对你说:“Can you scratch my back!”你可能会误以为我是在叫你为我搔背,其实这句话的意思是:“你可以帮我一下忙吗?”更糗的是,倘若你正在给一个人讲一件繁琐冗长的事时,对方问你:“What’s the beef?”(重点在哪儿?),而你却以为他是在问你“牛肉是什么”,那时你会恨不得挖个洞钻进去。还有当别人对你说:“You are really something else!”(你真是百里挑一),你却以为他在骂你而狠狠地K他一顿,那么恐怕麻烦就大了。
在日常的谈吐中,我们可以用一些英语来表达自己的情感,而如果我们能在讲英语的时候穿插一些谚语,则会使我们的谈吐显得风趣幽默。如当你发现某人说错话或做错事时,你可以对他说:“You put your foot in your mouth.”(你错了);当你请别人吃饭时,可以说:“This is my treat.”(这顿我请客)以显示出你的大方;当你夸张别人时,可以说:“You are a walking dictionary.”(你是本活字典。注:形容学识渊博),这足以让对方心花怒放。再想,如果你一打开活匣子,脱口而出的是许多生活化的词汇,那足让你兴奋不已,比如一些简单易记的:“That’s easy as pie!”(小事一桩);“You bet!”(当然);“It’s now or never.”(现在正是时候)等。
自然,英语谚语的知识远远不止这些,还有更多等着我们去收集,如:“Let me buy you a drink.”(我请你喝一杯);“There is a skeleton in every closet!”(家家有本难念的经);“Don’t envy other people because happiness is always nearly.”(别光羡慕别人,因为快乐就在你身边);“Instead, life is like revolving door, when it closes it also opens.”(其实,生活就像一道旋转门,当他关闭时,也为你打开了另一扇);“To know everything is to know nothing.”(万事皆通等于万事不通)。所以我们必须注重日常生活的积累,做到掌握英语谚语与了解欧美文化同步进行,在了解其起源、作用后,学习便是重心,而学好英语谚语的办法就是多查,勤记,善用。总之,学习英语谚语是一个循序渐进的过程。
俚语谚语
:—Jim, if you lend me a strong book, I will treat you next time.
—Oh, no. I won't _____ your story.
A. buy B. receive C. get D. read
从2010年两道含美国俚语、谚语的高考题谈起
发表时间:2011-4-25 来源:高教版英语周报11年32期 作者:李宝忱 [导读] 在2010年高考英语(安徽卷)上,出现了一道含有美国俚语的单项选择试题。
文 / 李宝忱
在2010年高考英语(安徽卷)上,出现了一道含有美国俚语的单项选择试题,而在2010年高考英语(江苏卷)的单项选择试题中,又出现一道考查美国谚语的题目,两道题都十分抢眼且耐人寻味。笔者现分别抄录如下,并略加说明。
先谈安徽卷上含有美国俚语的题目:
1. You are the team star! Working with ____ is really your cup of tea.
(2010 安徽卷)
A. both B. either
C. others D. the other
答案:C
解析:
本题考查代词辨析。both两个都; either两者中的任何一个;others另几个、别的人;the other 为other的特指。本题中“cup of tea”是美国俚语,意为“喜欢的人或事物”。例如: This novel is not my cup of tea.
这本小说不合我的意。
通过综合分析句意及备选项,可得出此题的正确答案为选项C。对于这一道题中所含的美国俚语,如果考生对其不了解,便很难在解题时把握句意并正确作答。为此笔者建议教师在课堂教学中,对美国俚语也可适当关注,引进一些鲜活的语言以扩充学生的词汇量,加深
学生对美国社会生活及其风土人情的了解。
美国俚语是伴随着美国历史文化进程的发展而发展的。特别是当人类社会已进入电子时代,人们交流的方式在发生剧变的同时,语符编码流程也在随之变化、发展,而美国俚语则是美国社会当中多种变化语言的前锋。
俚语在语言表达上具有形象生动、鲜明简练、幽默诙谐、富于表现力等特点。诸如: 美国俚语:the Big Apple 大苹果城市——纽约市。例句:
My mother has lived right in the heart of the Big Apple for the last ten years, and has never thought of moving.
我母亲一直住在纽约市中心,不曾有搬家的念头。
美国俚语:big name 指演艺界名人。例句:
We've already asked a lot of big names to attend the awarding ceremony.
我们已邀请很多演艺界名人来参加颁奖仪式。
美国俚语:cold fish 冷若冰霜的人。例句:
Nobody invites Carson, because he is a cold fish.
没人邀请卡森,因为他这个人不合群。
俚语中包含语体有:亲昵、戏谑、委婉、蔑视等。俚语使用的范围相当广泛,语域包括商界、体育界、文艺界等等。最早美国俚语曾被人们认为是低俗语言,但随着时间地推移,许多俚语由于其具有的形象生动、鲜明简练、幽默诙谐、富于表现力等特点,越来越多地被人们所广泛认同和使用,甚至于被政界、要人所使用。如今美国俚语已收入《美国俚语词典》(Dictionary of American Slang)的词条就有15,000多条。总之我们通过林林总总的俚语,可以从中了解美国不同阶层人士的用词倾向,领略到美国不同时期、不同背景之下的各种风土人情。
下面再说说江苏卷上考查美国谚语的题目:
31. — I have tried very hard to find a solution to the problem, but in vain.
— Why not consult with Frank? You see, ____.
(2010江苏卷)
A. great minds think alike
B. two heads are better than one
C. a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush
D. it's better to think twice before doing something
[译文]
— 我花了很大的力气想找到这个问题的答案,但是最终徒劳无益。
— 你为什么不找弗朗克商量商量,三个臭皮匠赛过诸葛亮。
答案:B
解析:
句中You see, 是插入语,作独立成分。而选项A译为“英雄所见略同”,选项C译为“双鸟在林不如一鸟在手”,选项D译为“三思而后行”,均与此题语境不相符合,故正确答案为选项B:三个臭皮匠赛过诸葛亮。
这里值得一提的是,高考单项选择题中,用谚语命题还是少见的,笔者认为由此可引伸的思考甚多。
大家知道,作为高度发展的语言,英语和汉语一样,其中含有为数众多的成语、谚语及惯用语。学习与掌握这一部分词汇对于掌握一门语言是不可或缺的,同时你会发现,你开始关注、收集、学习谚语的过程也是饶有趣味的。遇到谚语,可以按照自己的理解去翻译,或把一句西谚译成汉语,或把一句中谚译成英语。有些西谚和中谚,其言虽异,其意则一,如果匹配得当,确能添彩、生辉,起到“相得益彰”、“佳偶天成”的效果。
谚语是流传于民间的言简意赅的话语。语言通俗、句式工整、含义深刻。下面就是西谚配中谚的例子。
例如:
1. 西谚: In the country of the blind, the one-eyed man is king.
中谚: 山中无老虎,猴子称霸王。
2. 西谚: Never put off till tomorrow what may be done today.
中谚:今日事,今日毕。
3. 西谚: A bad workman quarrels with his tools.
中谚:拙匠常怪工具差。
4. 西谚: Birds of a feather flock together.
中谚:物以类聚。
5. 西谚: A burnt child dreads the fire.
中谚:一朝被蛇咬,十年怕井绳。
6. 西谚: So many men, So many minds.
中谚:人各有志。
7.西谚: A friend in need is a friend indeed.
中谚:患难之交才是真朋友。
8. 西谚: After a storm comes a calm.
中谚:雨过天晴。
9.西谚:All good things come to an end.
中谚:好花不常开,好景不常在。
10. 西谚:All lay loads on a willing horse.
中谚:人善被人欺,马善被人骑。
11. 西谚:All roads lead to Rome.
中谚:殊途同归。
12. 西谚:All things are difficult before they are easy.
中谚:万事开头难。
13. 西谚:Better the devil you know than the devil you don't know.
中谚:明枪易躲,暗箭难防。
14. 西谚:Blood is thicker than water.
中谚:血浓于水。{与英语有关的俚语谚语论文}.
15. 西谚:Clothes do not make the man.
中谚:人不可貌相。
16. 西谚:Coming events cast their shadows before.{与英语有关的俚语谚语论文}.
中谚:山雨欲来风满楼。
17. 西谚:Constant dropping wears away the stone.
中谚:滴水穿石。
18. 西谚:Practice makes perfect. / Custom makes all things easy.
中谚:熟能生巧。
19. 西谚:Custom reconciles us to everything.
中谚:习惯成自然。
20. 西谚:Cut your coat according to your cloth.
中谚:量入为出。
21. 西谚:Diamond cut diamond.
中谚:强中自有强中手。
22. 西谚:Don't cross a bridge till you come to it.
中谚:船到桥头自然直。
23. 西谚:Don't wash your dirty linen in public.
中谚:家丑不可外扬。
24. 西谚:Early to bed and early to rise.
中谚:早睡早起。
如从更深层的角度看,即从《英语课程标准》的要求来讲,引导学生从更广阔的文化视野来学习英语,适度学习俚语、谚语也是十分必要的。正如《英语课程标准》所讲:
“语言有丰富的文化内涵。在英语教学中,文化主要指英语国家的历史、地理、风土人情、传统习俗、生活方式、文学艺术、行为规范和价值观念等。接触和了解英语国家的文化有利于对英语的理解和使用,有利于加深对本国文化的理解与认识,有利于培养世界意识,有利于形成跨文化交际能力。教师应根据学生的年龄特点和认知能力,逐步扩展文化知识的内容和范围。教学中涉及的有关英语国家的文化知识应与学生的日常生活、知识结构和认知水平等密切相关,并能激发学生学习英语文化的兴趣。要扩大学生接触异国文化的范围,帮助学生拓展视野,使他们提高对中外文化异同的敏感性和鉴别能力,为发展他们的跨文化交际能力打下良好的基础。”(教育部, 2003)
本文结束前,笔者愿以一句话,赠给学子们:
I consider it wrong that Chinese students learn English without comparing it with our own language.
我认为中国学生学习英语不与我们自己的语言相比较是不对的。
只要一比较,你就会发现,英语和汉语都是丰富多彩的语言,是表达我们思想、感情的工具。这也正如我国著名语言学家吕叔湘所说:“学好英语应当有助于提高运用汉语的能力,而不是相反。”
作者单位:北京市朝阳区教育研究中心
英语专业毕业论文英语习语
大连民族学院2009届英语专业本科毕业论文
摘要
习语是各国文化的精髓,反映各国的风俗习惯。习语通常包括成语、俗语、格言、歇后语、谚
语、俚语、行话等。其表现形式音节优美,音律协调,或含蓄幽默,或严肃典雅,言简意赅,形象生动,妙趣横生,给人一种美的享受。习语是语言的精华,它带有浓厚的民族色彩和鲜明的文化内涵。因此对英语读者和汉语读者来说,做到彻底精确地理解蕴含深刻文化内涵的习语的翻译是相对比较困难的。
本文首先从定义,习语的分类,习语英汉的特点方面分析了英汉习语的相似点与不同点,然后
从最能体现中西文化差异的习语着手,论述习语在文化的各个层次上所反映的中西文化差异,并采纳大量生动有趣的例子作为论据进行适当的分析。整篇论文最大限度地传递习语中的文化信息,体现中西文化的不同的价值观念。
关键词: 习语;特点;文化差异同;起源 ;相同 ;不同
ABSTRACT
Idioms are the essence of culture in every country, which mirrors many national unique fashions. It
usually includes proverb, saying ,slang ,jargon and so on .Its forms of expression are beautiful in syllable ,and harmonious in rhythm .Some are implicit or humorous ; some are serious and elegant ; some are concise ,vivid and interesting ,which are gratifying man‟s aesthetic sense .Idioms are also the essence of a language, which have strong national colors and distinctive cultural connotations. So it is difficult for both English and Chinese readers to understand the idiom translation thoroughly and exactly.
This thesis first analyzes the similarity and differences of English and Chinese idioms from the aspect
of definitions, classification and characteristics and so on. Then it probes into the causes of the differences in English and Chinese idioms from the aspects of different living circumstances, different cognitions of things, different religions and beliefs, and different historical allusions and myths, etc. All the significance of this paper is to convey the idioms‟ cultural information as much as possible, which is very useful for the language learning. So it is a very important and complicated thing for us to understand and use these idioms correctly. Therefore, in this paper, we will discuss the idioms reflecting the differences of Chinese and Western cultures in various levels with many lively, important, and interesting examples of idioms. The whole essay ultimate is to reveal culture in cross-cultural communication and embody the different culture values.
Key words: idioms; characteristics; cultural difference; origins; differences; similarities
大连民族学院2009届英语专业本科毕业论文
CONTENTS
1. Introduction: ........................................................................................................................ 1
2. Definitions of idioms ............................................................................................................ 1
2.1 Some English Dictionaries ........................................................................................... 2
2.2 The explanation of idioms ............................................................................................ 2
3 Classification of idioms ......................................................................................................... 3
4. Characteristics ..................................................................................................................... 4
4.1 The mass of people is the creator of idioms of both languages ................................... 4
4.2 The idioms on farming and sea .................................................................................... 4
4.3 The different living-surroundings and customs ........................................................... 5
4.4 Customs Differences between English and Chinese on Idioms ................................... 6
4.5 The origin of idioms ..................................................................................................... 7
4.6 Both have regional or geographical Characteristics .................................................. 11
4.7 Both have different figures of speech ........................................................................ 11
4.8 The fix or variability characteristics of idioms .......................................................... 13
4.9 The characteristics of image symbol in Chinese and English idioms ........................ 13
5. Conclusion .......................................................................................................................... 15
Reference ................................................................................................................................ 16
Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................ 17
大连民族学院2009届英语专业本科毕业论文
Comparative study on the characteristics between English and
Chinese idioms
1. Introduction:
Idioms are the essence of a language, which are always philosophical and eternal. According to
Oxford Advantaged Learner‟s English-Chinese Dictionary, an idiom is “a phrase or sentence whose meaning is not clear from the meaning of its individual words and which must be learnt as a whole unit”. “In the broad sense, idioms may include : set phrases; proverbs; sayings; epigrams; slang expressions; colloquialisms; quotations; two-part allegorical sayings, of which the first part ,always stated, is descriptive, while the second part , sometimes unstated, carries the message(chiefly in Chinese). While in Chinese, idioms are called as „熟语‟,including:短语,成语(usually consisting of four words),俗语,谚语,格言,箴言,名言(quotation or recorded utterance ) ,警句,隽语,俚语,粗话,行话,歇后语(including pun),习语, etc.” However, the thesis will discuss English and Chinese idioms in a narrow sense, and only set phrases and proverbs will be under discussion.