gapyear雅思范文
写作指导 点击： 2013-10-13
gapyear雅思范文篇一
BEC高级写作实用技巧以及真题范文
图表作文写作要领
（1）注意总-分结构的使用。中心句概括总趋势。
总增长：
典型数据/区间：there are some fluctuations to this general trend;
Within this general trend, there are some fluctuations, for
example…
（2）注意分水岭的描写,即把整个图表的变化趋势分成两个或三个变化阶段来整体描写。
（3）注意语言的多样化，多用同义词替代，避免重复用词。
（4）注意数据的内部逻辑关系，确定描写线索。即确定以某个数据的变化来贯彻全文。 图表作文句型总结：
1. 基本功: 叙述表格/图表(重点)
(1)组成： consist of.., be made up of.., be composed of..,
(2)比例： account for%, represent%, make/take up %.., 或者直接说 % of….
(3)上升(by..to…)，增加，提高：
a. 普通：increase, grow, rise, expand
b. 渐渐上升：climb, edge up, ascend, trend up.
c. 猛增，激增：jump, surge, soar, proliferate (数量), leap, shot up
d. 词组： achieve an increase in….by…to…
Continue its upwards trend; trend up
On the rise, on the increase.
On consecutive rise: 保持连续增长
n. 名词： increase, rise, growth, expansion,
ascendance渐渐增加,
slight increase, rise, growth in..
bump-up(突然增加), proliferation(激增),jump, leap, surge, boom
(4)减少，下降，减缓
a. 普通：decrease, fall, drop, reduce, shrink, (shrinkage)
b. 逐渐变少：slide, dwindle, decline, edge down
c. 骤减：collapse, slump, plummet, plunge
d. 经济衰退，停顿：slump, collapse, stagnate, stagnant, stagnation,
sluggish, sluggishness, slack,
crisis, recession, slowdown, downturn,
e. 词组： fall off, drop off, go down, continue its downward trend, trend down,
on the decline, on the downturn.
(5) 保持平稳，不变：
Remain stable,/steady,/unchanged
Level off vi 上升，或减退至平稳水平
Subside vi 减退至平稳水平 standstill n/adj 停滞不前
(6) 起伏波动：
Rise and fall,
fluctuate slightly/dramatically,
fluctuate between….and…, a minor fluctuation,
small rises and falls/fluctuations.
(7)形容趋势程度
a. 剧烈，显著，明显
Dramatically, sharply, considerably, rapidly, suddenly, greatly, alarmingly,
significantly, enormously, steeply, massively, incredibly, hugely, amazingly,
substantially; at an alarming rate; by a wide margin.
b. 缓慢/逐渐
Gradually, steadily, slightly, gently, marginally, slowly, moderately, in a
moderate way, by the least amount.
(8)表示倍数：
a. (使)增几倍于： double, triple, quadruple【'kwɔdrupl】，
b. adv.adj 几倍的，几倍地：fivefold, sixfold, sevenfold….
c. ad. 几倍： twice, three/four/five times….
e. 几分之几： 2/3： two-thirds, etc. (at a fraction of…)
(9) 比较数据as…as…
a. three/four times as many. 做主语或定语成分
Eg. approx.20% more people preferred the diet cherry version and nearly three
times as many preferred the diet strawberry version.
b.―A + be + XX times + as +adj + as + B‖。
eg. This tree is three times as tall as that one.
Eg. His father is twice as old as he.
c.―A + be + XXtimes + 计量形容词比较级 + than + B ‖
eg. The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River.
=The Yangtze River is almost three times as long as Pearl River.
Eg. The dictionary is exactly five times more expensive than that one.
d. .―A + be + 倍数 + the + 计量名词 + of + B ‖
eg. The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one. 新扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大。
e.―The + 计量名词 + of + A + be + 倍数 + that + of + B ‖
eg. The size of the newly broadened square is four times that of the previous
one.
(10) 从不同方面分析数据; in view of the turnover…., In terms of growth,…就营业额
方面来说。。。，就增长方面来说；
2. 描述时间点或时间段
（1）时期泛指 :over the period XXX to XXX, over the years XXX to XXX, from XX to xx; over/during the past XX years; in the last XX years(最近X年)， over the last 15 to 20 years. in the next XX years, during a XX-year/month/week period, throughout.., all the way through, for the year..XXX.
(2) 时期特指：during the same period, over the period in question, over/during the period studied, for the rest of the periods studied, in the two subsequent periods, in the following period, all the way through,
(3)连续下降/上升的某个时期：it is the second/third/fourth consecutive quarter/year/month/week that XXX has fallen
(4) 时间点: until, by the year XXX, since, from the year XXX, up to now, at a
given moment, over the period ended on xx/ended in XX
(5)年代：during the 1980s; during the 70s and 80s.,
3. 开头： this graph/report describes/outlines/shows/compare… with…/suggests,
4. 总趋势句型
(1)If we look at the growth in…, we can see there is a steady increase in XX from.. to…/a rise in XX of XXX…
(2)from the graph, we can see there is…./ if we taking the XX first, we can see that there is …
(3)XX was on consecutive growth on the whole over the period in question (except… )
(4)XX shows a relatively steady/upward/downward trend in the last XX years.
(5)XX shows a trajectory of growth/fall….
(6)xx, on the other hand, shows a different trend.
(7)XXX has been growing consistently with XX in the past XX years.
(8)XXX witnessed/saw some rise and fall/fluctuations over the period…
(9)during the same period, XX also rose, but fluctuated greatly.
(10)XX didn‘t vary much and remained just over/below xx Or between..and..
(11)XX shows the same performance/trend although at level 4bn higher than imports.
5. 增长幅度、增长额
(1).., there is a rise in XX of XX/by xx%/from..to…
(2)The figure shows a rise of XX within the whole period and no fluctuations are
to be remarked.
(3)XX rose from…to…, suffering minor fluctuations all the way through.
(4)XX increased slightly/rose steadily. etc , ending the period around XX over
their starting level.
6. 最大涨/跌幅，最高点，最低点
(1) XXX with the biggest increase/decrease coming between…and…,
(2) It went up to the (7-year etc.) peak at….in…. /
(3) The XXX peaked at.. in…./reached/hit a peak in …./peaking at…
(4) The XX rose to the highest, climbed to a seven-month high, (price etc.)advanced to a record $1000 on….,
(5)the XX rose/surge/climb to XXX, the highest since….
(6)骤升shot-up, surge, rocket, upsurge, uplift, proliferation soar, boom 骤降：slump, plunge, plummet(vi), nose-dive vi
5. 起始点
(1)starting off at…./from, sales will increase to.. during…, and remain stable at
during…, only to decrease to… during.
(2)During XXX, it started around XX in the first quarter…
6. 典型数据/区间
(1)Profits will shop up dramatically to 2,000 in 2004, from which it will go up steadily from year to year…
(2)It will go down to the lowest at …in … where it will begin to pick up/rebound/
(3)From 1985 to 1997, XXX were between XX and XXX.
(4)After… the XX increased/decreased significantly.
(5)the xxx rose up steadily until….
(6)however, there are some fluctuations to this general/within this general trend, for example….
7. 描写fluctuations
(1)from/starting off at…, XXX increased to.. during.. and remain stable at.. during.., only to decrease to.. during…
(2)XXX increased/soared from xx to XXX in… followed by a sharp drop to…in…
(3)soar again, fall back to, drop back to…and then maintained this position throughout ….
(4)it started around XX in xx, increased slowly to XX in.., and then fell to XXat the end of the year.
(5)It stayed stable at around XX during xxx and xxx, then decreased to XXX in…,before recovering at/to XXX at the end of …
8. 对比，比例的描写
(1)倍数关系描写（见1）;
(2)分数关系：one/a fifth of, 8 out of 10, at a fraction of…
(3)组成：consist of, be made up of…, be composed of…
(4)比例： account for.., represent, take up..,
(5)对比：compared to, in comparison with…, relative to…, the ratio is….
Eg. Female executives dominate in the age group between 24 and 39, where the ratio is 42 to 10. (The first representing the number of women and latter, men ). Eg. It decreases half in group 60 to 69 where 10 women hold top position in comparison to/with 21 men.
Eg. The graphs shows the number of cars per 100 people over the period 1980 to 2020 relative to the growth of the world‘s population.
9. 大小的比较
(1)差：spread(差价), margin, split, difference,
差额为正/负：xxx remained positive/negative
(2)占多数，a. XXX dominate in the XX group/amongst….
b. In the age range above…, XXX are in /sliding / majority.
(3)超过: a. XXX exceeded/outstrippedXXX but not by the same margin, b. XXX exceeded XX by XX percent, outnumber xxx by XXX.
c. exceed XX-level. With the earnings exceeding XXX.
(4) 比例相等：a. an equal number of both…and…
b. XXX take an equal proportion in ….
(5) 从小到大描述数据：followed by
Eg. 44% of our sales income came from US, followed by Europe(26%), and
south America(19%)
(6)排序的描写： ranked No.1/2; The second /third largest…; be in the
first/second/third place.
10. 表示预测的句子; be likely to…/is expected to…./is supposed to…/is estimated
to../is projected to…/will/will be
11. 叙述受访者态度
(1)XXX received XX positive responses and XX negative responses..
(2) XX people gave a positive response/comment on..
(3)Asked about…., XX people responded positively/negatively whereas XX
people say sth negative about it.
(4) XX of xx respondents complained about….while XX though it positively,
/thought it to be satisfactory
12. Distribution
(1) xx%, more than half XX, XX out of XX…
(2) the respondents are almost equally divided between XXX and XX(different stances)
(3)XX and xxx take a similar proportion in XX group/range
13. data and compare的中心句
(1)The company employs almost an equal number of executives of both sexes. However, there are remarkable differences depending on the age range considered.
(2)The overall result of this international survey on planned IT expenditure for the next year shows significant differences between Europe and Aisa.
(3)The situation in XX, however, is quite different.
(4)however, the XX vary greatly on the XX…
gapyear雅思范文篇二
雅思写作让步反驳段应对技巧
智课网IELTS备考资料
雅思写作让步反驳段应对技巧
雅思写作让步反驳段如何来写呢?烤鸭们对此普遍都很迷茫，智课教育小编在此和大家分享一下应对技巧，详细内容如下：
在雅思考试的听说读写当中，写作无疑是众多考生最薄弱的环节。而取得雅思写作高分，也是众多考生梦寐以求的目标。从论证的角度来看，一篇高分作文要紧扣主旨，立场清晰;论证有力，逻辑性强。我们常用的论证方法有：解释说明法、举例论证法、比较对比法、让步反驳法。其中，能够大大提高文章的论证力度和逻辑性的就是让步反驳法。在这里，我结合剑桥雅思官方范文以及一些真题，与烤鸭们分享一下让步反驳段的写法。
雅思写作让步反驳段通常用于论证中的反方段，也就是我们不太支持的那一方观点。在写反方段时，首先，我们要进行让步，承认反方观点存在一定的合理性，进行解释说明，然后笔锋一转，进行反驳。要记住：让步要让的充分，反驳要反驳的有力。让我们来看看一篇剑桥雅思官方范文中的让步反驳段。
雅思写作题目：In many countries students have a break to travel or work for a yearfrom study after they graduate from school. Do the advantages outweigh thedisadvantages?
这篇文章的话题是gap year，在范文的正方段中，考官支持gap year， 认为这种做法好处多多，应该鼓励，然后考官写反方段，也就是gapyear的弊端，这个段落就是一个典型的让步反驳段，具体如下：
However，there are certainly dangers in taking time off at this importantage. Young adults may end up never
returning to their school，or finding itdifficult to readapt to an academic environment. They may think that it isbetter to continue in a particular job or to do something completely differentfrom a university course.But overall，I think this is less likely today，whenacademic qualifications are essential for getting a reasonable career.
分析一下，考官首先承认gap year有弊端和问题，因为经历了gapyear之后，有些学生有可能改变人生方向，不愿回到学校学习了，或者即使回校学习，也很难适应学术环境。然后，考官笔锋一转，说但是在如今的社会，上述情况和问题不太可能发生，因为如果想找到好工作、事业有成，学历是至关重要的。这个让步反驳段就写的非常好，使得整篇文章论证更加有力，逻辑性更强，这篇文章无疑是高分之作。
不少同学感觉让步反驳段比较难写，不知道从什么角度反驳。我在这里总结了一些行之有效的反驳方法和反驳角度：
1) 当我们反驳弊端时，我们可以说弊端和问题发生的可能性小，正如刚才分析的考官范文。此外，我们还可以说弊端是可以解决或者可以转化的。
比如这个题目：Some people believe that time spent on television，video and computergames can be beneficial to children. Others believe that this has negativeeffects on a child. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.这个题目是关于儿童看电视打游戏的利弊，假设我们的反方是看电视打游戏的弊端，那么让步反驳段可以这么写：不可否认，儿童看电视、打游戏存在弊端和问题(如影响视力和学习、容易上瘾)，但是这些问题是可以解决的：只要父母帮助儿童提高自控能力，合理分配时间，他们就可以从这些休闲活动中受益。范文如下：
However，spending too much time on TV and games may affect children's studyand health. Deeply attracted by entertaining TV programs and thrilling computergames，children tend to watch TV or play games for hours， neglecting theirhomework or coming exams. Also，too much time spent on TV or games could resultin weakened eyesight and lack of exercises.Nevertheless，with parents' help andinstructions，children can enhance their self-control and time-management，whichmeans they are able to use time in the proper way and benefit from these leisureactivities.
2) 当我们写让步反驳段时，我们可以说反方观点适用于一些人或情况，但是不适用于另一些人或情况。
比如这个题目：Many people can now study at home through distance-learning programsvia the Internet or television. Some people say this kind of education cannot becompared to attending a college or university. To what extent do you agree ordisagree?
这个题目是关于远程教育和传统教育(上大学)，假设我们的反方是远程教育，那么让步反驳段可以这么写：当然，我们不能否认远程教育的优点和好处(方便省时、灵活性强)，但是这种教育方式不适用于自控力比较差的学生，他们不能集中注意力学习，容易分心，学习效果差。范文如下：
On the other hand，we cannot deny the obvious benefits of remote educationwhich provides people with more flexibility and convenience. People could choosetheir favorite courses and decide when and where to study，following their ownpaces. Instead of wasting time on commuting，students could comfortably sit athome and learn a course on line. However，those students who lack self-controland self-discipline cannot learn efficiently in this way，as they might bedistracted by various kinds of things，such as games and videos on line.
希望备考雅思的童鞋们认真领会让步反驳段的写法，多写多练。这个论证方法用的好，一定可以大大提高文章整体的论证力度和逻辑性，令考官眼前一亮，助你获得雅思写作高分!
gapyear雅思范文篇三
经济原则
1. Some people are strongly against space research because they think it is an extravagant and wasteful project for developing countries.
2. Many people are struggling at the poverty line, lacking food and shelter. Why not use the limited public funds to help them alleviate poverty?
3. The primary responsibility of a government is to help its people eliminate poverty, disease and illiteracy.
4. The development of tourism creates many job opportunities and great amounts of foreign currency.
5. Playing computer games all day lavishes parents‟ hard-earned money.
6. Art funding is a luxurious practice to many developing countries.
7. Improving people‟s welfare is the government‟s obligation.
8. The construction of stadiums and theaters squanders the government‟s tight budget.
9. It is a dissipation of taxpayers‟ money for the government to subsidize artists and musicians.
10. It is a luxurious dream for children in the poverty-stricken area to receive formal education.
11. Net-surfing is a costly hobby.
12. Preservation of endangered species is a great economic burden on the developing nations.
13. Hosting the Olympic Games can increase the government revenue and create more employment.
14. A private car is a luxury to many destitute families.
15. It is a laudable endeavor to help children in the impoverished area to have access to formal education.
16. Sending children to study abroad is a heavy financial burden on many families.
17. The development of space exploration lavishes the limited public funds.
18. College students‟ taking part-time jobs helps ease the financial burden of their parents.
19. It is a great economic burden for a government with a tight budget to subsidize artists and drama companies, which lavishes taxpayers‟ money.
20. Legalization of gambling can bring the government a great amount of foreign currency and at the same time create a considerable number of employment opportunities.
时间原则
1. Playing PC games is a time-consuming hobby that occupies students‟ precious time.
2. Net chatting dissipates our precious time that should be spent on study.{gapyear雅思范文}.
3. Computer games are so alluring that many children abandon themselves to playing them.
4. Doing a part-time job takes up students valuable time and therefore affects their study.
5. Pet-raising lavishes a great amount of time.
6. Some children lack adequate self-control and self-discipline, so that they revel in online games and chatting all day.
7. In order to earn some money by taking up a part-time job, some students even skip classes and hence their academic performance is seriously affected.
8. Some of the students are immature and curious, so they can hardly resist the temptation and indulge in net surfing.
9. TV helps people to kill time and drive off their loneliness.
10. Children are not encouraged to keep pets because pet-raising is a time-consuming hobby and children are likely to be diverted from their study.
11. Soap opera is a time killer.
12. Students should be taught to refrain themselves from chatting online because their sole task is study.
13. Those who wallow in the Internet tend to lead an indolent life.
14. Some TV programs are so tempting and distracting that many children can hardly focus on their study.
15. We should do away with some bad habits and take part in some rewarding activities. 健康原则
1. Eating too much fast food is physically damaging, for fast food contains too much fat, sugar and calorie.
2. An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
3. In order to stay healthier, we should reduce the intake of fat, sugar and calorie.
4. Smoking is particularly dangerous for teens because their bodies are still developing and changing and the 4,000 chemicals (including 200 known poisons) in cigarette smoke can adversely affect this process.
5. Smoking endangers one‟s health because tobacco contains many cancer-causing agents such as nicotine and tar.
6. Meat is a good source of protein, iron, vitamins and minerals.
7. There are significant health benefits to „going veggie‟; a vegetarian diet contains high quantities of fiber, vitamins, and minerals, and is low in fat.
8. The best way to lose weight is to reduce the number of calories being eaten and to increase the level of physical activity.
9. The causes of obesity are complex and include genetic, biological, behavioral and cultural factors.
10. High cholesterol or a high intake of fat can be extremely harmful, leading to heart disease, obesity, and other conditions.
11. The rubbish problem poses potential risks to people‟s health because trash contains all kinds of germs and viruses and transmits a number of epidemic diseases.
12. Private cars should be restricted because cars emit toxic gases that contain many known carcinogens.
13. Due to the deteriorating environment, many city dwellers suffer from some respiratory problems such as sore throat, bronchitis, asthma and even develop lung cancer.
14. Physical exercise helps people to ease their mental strain.
15. Moderate diet and test, good cheer, and regular physical exercises are the best doctors.
16. Prevention is better than cure.
17. We should do away with bad living habits such as excessive drinking and smoking and overeating.
18. Stress is affecting one‟s health, behavior, thoughts and feelings.
19. Some health problems that may be caused by stress are as follows: diarrhea, nausea, indigestion, constipation, hypertension, heart disease and asthma.
20. Overindulgence in computer games contributes to myopia and obesity.
情感原则
1. TV and the Internet distance a person from his/her friends, because people nowadays lack adequate face-to-face communication with their peers.
2. Those who indulge in the Internet often isolated and being cut off from the outside world; gradually they tend to become more introverted and withdrawn.
3. The development of international tourism may contribute to greater tension between nations.
4. Full-time housewives often feel isolated, depressed and frustrated.
5. Corporal punishment is emotionally detrimental, which alienates parents from their children.
6. For lack of adequate knowledge of the local customs and traditions, some disputes may arise when tourists communicate with the locals.
7. It is reported that some oversea students cannot adapt to the local life and commit suicide due to depression.
8. Tourism creates resentment and antagonism because of the dramatic differences in wealth.
9. If old people are sent to live in a nursing house, they tend to feel useless, deserted by their family and hopeless.
10. Many young people are obsessed with emotional exchanges with their imaginary friends in the virtual world.
11. Those who receive education through tele-education lack many essential interpersonal skills and tend to be self-centered and introverted.
12. Indulgence in the Internet gives rise to resentment and hostility.
13. The Olympic Games promote international goodwill, enhance mutual understanding between nations and maintain world peace.
14. Through travelling, people with different racial and political backgrounds get to know each other better, thus removing misunderstanding and prejudice.
15. Telecommuting creates a sense of estrangement among individuals and telecommuters may become indifferent to others and lack a strong team spirit.
16. People are so addicted to net surfing that they often neglect the emotional needs of their family members; as a result, resentment and hatred arise.
17. Due to the superiority complex, tourists more often than not look down on the local people, which may sometimes give rise to hostility.
18. Sending a child to a nursery at an early age is emotionally harmful, because the child who lacks proper parental care and love tends to feel isolated and depressed.
19. For lack of emotional exchanges, misunderstanding arises and sometimes leads to the breakup of a family.
20. People should be encouraged to share their joys and sorrows at the diner table no matter how busy they are. In face, diner time is a perfect period for communication.
智力与教育原则
1. The amount of time children watch TV, regardless of content, should be moderated because it decrease time spent on more beneficial activities such as reading, playing with friends, and developing hobbies.
2. Television can exert strong influence in the area of learning and cognitive development.
3. Television is harmful to children because it creates passivity and presents a false picture of reality.
4. A child who often indulges in TV does not know the difference between reality and fantasy.
5. Numerous studies demonstrate a strong link between an increase in television watching and a decline in reading achievement.{gapyear雅思范文}.
6. Giving pocket money to children helps develop a correct sense of responsibility.
7. With too much pocket money, children are likely to foster a money-oriented mentality.
8. Competition builds character; it strengthens our self-esteem.
9. Children can develop a strong sense of responsibility during the competitive sports.
10. Learning at home encourages children to live an indolent life with lax discipline.
11.Through a gap year, you will develop a broader mind, a wider understanding of the world around you, better social skills, improved self-confidence and you will be more adaptable.
12. The merits of overseas study include greater global awareness, language learning, cross-cultural and adaptability.
13. While taking a part-time job, one will better identify his/her career interest and goals, which will help him/her make a wiser choice of the future career.
14. Since students are in their formative years, social contacts may expose them to social ills at an age when they can hardly differentiate virtue from evil.
15. Military service helps one cultivate a strong sense of independence, self-confidence and accomplishment.
16. studying in a boarding school, children learn to cooperate and compromise and master interpersonal skills needed for future success.
17. Visits to museums and galleries widen one‟s horizon, enrich one‟s knowledge and arouse one‟s interest.
18. Some children are so naive and sequacious that they tend to emulate their idols who are sometimes negative role models.
19. Since some children lack adequate self-control and self-discipline, they cannot resist the temptation of drugs and fall victims to drug-dealers.
20. Too much TV viewing is intellectually damaging; in other words, it kills creativity and imagination.
心理原则
1. Children who are addicted to the Internet tend to be introverted, unsociable and even indifferent.
2. Corporal punishment makes a child diffident, withdrawn and pessimistic.{gapyear雅思范文}.
3. For lack of contact with the outside world, some people become introverted, isolated and eccentric.
4. Studying abroad, some students cannot adapt to the local life, feel very lonely and homesick and even want to commit suicide.
5. Nowadays children tent to become self-centered and arrogant.
6. Tele-education results in a series of psychological problem such as withdrawal, anxiety and depression.
7. Under great pressure, people suffer from insomnia, anxiety, and depression.
8. Living in a nursing house, old people feel lonely, helpless and deserted by their children.
9. If students are encouraged to criticize and evaluate their teachers, they will become very arrogant and disrespectful.
10. Full-time housewives sometimes feel isolated and moody for lack of communication with the outside world.
权利原则
1. Why I do not support having the capital punishment is that it violates the right of
subsistence.
2. The death penalty is a cruel and barbaric practice that must be done away with from
today‟s society.
3. Abortion is a cruel and barbaric practice that must be done away with.
4. The installation of cameras in public places is a brazen infringement of one‟s privacy and
limits freedom.
5. Encouraging females to go back home to be full-time housewives is a very ridiculous idea
which deprives women of their basic right to work, and is a sort of sexual discrimination.
6. Animal testing is a cruel and uncivilized practice that robs animals of their right of subsistence.
7. Mandatory retirement is a brazen infringement on one‟s right to work.
8. Censorship deprives us of the right to know the truth.
9. Corporal punishment violates children‟s human rights and affects their physical and mental health.
10. The legalization of euthanasia respects one‟s right to choose when and how to die with dignity. 环保原则
1. In the process of urbanization, deforestation and land clearing are very common, which
damage the natural habitat of flora and fauna.
2. Habitat destruction makes many species of animals become homeless and endangered.
3. The disappearance of some species breaks the ecological balance because the food web is
destroyed.
4. Many private cars emit toxic gases which contain many chemical substances that are
carcinogens.
5. Deforestation leads to soil erosion and desertification.
6. One third of all waste produced is made up of packaging materials.
7. What we are doing now is wasteful of resources and unfriendly to the environment.
8. Much tillable land has been used as landfills to bury the increasing rubbish, a huge amount of which is not biodegradable. That is to say, rubbish of many kinds will remain the same in the soil for a long period of time.
9. Many incinerators have been set up to burn the appalling amount of waste. They produce a lot of poisonous gases while disposing of the waste produced by us human beings.
10. Litter collection and disposal waste a huge amount of taxpayers‟ hard-earned money.
11. The industrial waste is dumped into rivers without being filtered, thus contaminating the rivers and bringing great harm to the residents nearby.
文化与传统原则
1. The ubiquity of English and the booming international tourism exert some adverse effects
on the aboriginal culture and minority languages to some extent.
2. Globalization poses potential risks to the preservation of aboriginal culture and language,
because we know cross-cultural communication is becoming increasingly frequent and cultural assimilation and penetration is inevitable.
3. The Internet produces profound influence on people‟s lifestyle and value systems.
4. It is of great significance for a government to make efforts to conserve endangered culture
and language.
5. The tourist industry has played a positive role in meeting the cultural needs of the public, carrying forward national culture and achieving the sustainable development of resources.
6. Tourism helps to better introduce the country to foreigners and showcase the brilliant history
gapyear雅思范文篇四
大连雅思培训雅思写作让步反驳段
在雅思考试的听说读写当中，写作无疑是众多考生最薄弱的环节。而取得雅思写作高分，也是众多考生梦寐以求的目标。从论证的角度来看，一篇高分作文要紧扣主旨，立场清晰;论证有力，逻辑性强。常用的论证方法有：解释说明法、举例论证法、比较对比法、让步反驳法。其中，能够大大提高文章的论证力度和逻辑性的就是让步反驳法。
雅思写作让步反驳段通常用于论证中的反方段，也就是我们不太支持的那一方观点。在写反方段时，首先，我们要进行让步，承认反方观点存在一定的合理性，进行解释说明，然后笔锋一转，进行反驳。要记住：让步要让的充分，反驳要反驳的有力。让我们来看看一篇剑桥雅思官方范文中的让步反驳段。
雅思写作题目：In many countries students have a break to travel or work for a yearfrom study after they graduate from school. Do the advantages outweigh thedisadvantages?
这篇文章的话题是gap year，在范文的正方段中，考官支持gap year， 认为这种做法好处多多，应该鼓励，然后考官写反方段，也就是gapyear的弊端，这个段落就是一个典型的让步反驳段，具体如下：
However，there are certainly dangers in taking time off at this importantage. Young adults may end up never returning to their school，or finding itdifficult to readapt to an academic environment. They may think that it isbetter to continue in a particular job or to do something completely differentfrom a university course.But overall，I think this is less likely today，whenacademic qualifications are essential for getting a reasonable career.
分析一下，考官首先承认gap year有弊端和问题，因为经历了gapyear之后，有些学生有可能改变人生方向，不愿回到学校学习了，或者即使回校学习，也很难适应学术环境。然后，考官笔锋一转，说但是在如今的社会，上述情况和问题不太可能发生，因为如果想找到好工作、事业有成，学历是至关重要的。这个让步反驳段就写的非常好，使得整篇文章论证更加有力，逻辑性更强，这篇文章无疑是高分之作。
不少同学感觉让步反驳段比较难写，不知道从什么角度反驳。我在这里总结了一些行之有效的反驳方法和反驳角度：
1) 当我们反驳弊端时，我们可以说弊端和问题发生的可能性小，正如刚才分析的考官范文。此外，还可以说弊端是可以解决或者可以转化的。
比如这个题目：Some people believe that time spent on television，video and computergames can be beneficial to children. Others believe that this has
negativeeffects on a child. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.这个题目是关于儿童看电视打游戏的利弊，假设我们的反方是看电视打游戏的弊端，那么让步反驳段可以这么写：不可否认，儿童看电视、打游戏存在弊端和问题(如影响视力和学习、容易上瘾)，但是这些问题是可以解决的：只要父母帮助儿童提高自控能力，合理分配时间，他们就可以从这些休闲活动中受益。范文如下：
However，spending too much time on TV and games may affect children's studyand health. Deeply attracted by entertaining TV programs and thrilling computergames，children tend to watch TV or play games for hours， neglecting theirhomework or coming exams. Also，too much time spent on TV or games could resultin weakened eyesight and lack of exercises.Nevertheless，with parents' help andinstructions，children can enhance their self-control and time-management，whichmeans they are able to use time in the proper way and benefit from these leisureactivities.
2) 当我们写让步反驳段时，可以说反方观点适用于一些人或情况，但是不适用于另一些人或情况。
比如这个题目：Many people can now study at home through distance-learning programsvia the Internet or television. Some people say this kind of education cannot becompared to attending a college or university. To what extent do you agree ordisagree?
这个题目是关于远程教育和传统教育(上大学)，假设反方是远程教育，那么让步反驳段可以这么写：当然，不能否认远程教育的优点和好处(方便省时、灵活性强)，但是这种教育方式不适用于自控力比较差的学生，他们不能集中注意力学习，容易分心，学习效果差。范文如下：
On the other hand，we cannot deny the obvious benefits of remote educationwhich provides people with more flexibility and convenience. People could choosetheir favorite courses and decide when and where to study，following their ownpaces. Instead of wasting time on commuting，students could comfortably sit athome and learn a course on line. However，those students who lack self-controland self-discipline cannot learn efficiently in this way，as they might bedistracted by various kinds of things，such as games and videos on line.
希望备考雅思的童鞋们认真领会让步反驳段的写法，多写多练。这个论证方法用的好，一定可以大大提高文章整体的论证力度和逻辑性，令考官眼前一亮，助你获得雅思写作高分!
本文由普得雅思整理
gapyear雅思范文篇五
雅思写作词汇
写作 词汇1
写作常用词汇：
be accustomed to 习惯于
be addicted to 对...上瘾
be attractive to somebody对...具有吸引力
be based on 基于
be deceptive and misleading 具有欺骗性和误导性
be dedicated to 致力于
be deeply impressed with 对...印象深刻
be easily taken in by容易收到某人某事的欺骗
be filed with confidence and strength 充满信心和力量
be harmful to one's physical and mental health 对某人的身心健康有害 be led astray 误入歧途
be tempted into an unhealthy lifestyle从而过上一种不健康的生活
benefit from 从中受益
better the development of human society 促进人类社会的发展
bias of culture 文化偏见
boost local development促进当地发展
break the ecological balance破坏生态平衡
bridge the gap 消除鸿沟
bridge the generation gap消除代沟
bring about development and prosperity 带来发展和繁荣
bring both opportunities and challenges to 给...既带来了机遇也带来了挑战 bring immeasurable economic benefits 带来许多经济利益
bring multiple economic and social benefits to the local people 给当地人带来很多经济和社会利益
broaden one's horizon拓展知识面
bubble economy 泡沫经济
build a strong national defense 建立稳固的国防
build more cultural establishments 建造更多的文化建筑
catch much attention 引起很大关注
child abuse 虐童
come into force 凑效
commercialized society 社会商品
commit crimes 犯罪
comprehensive knowledge广博的知识{gapyear雅思范文}.
comprehensive national strength 综合国力
compulsory education 义务教育
computer viruses 计算机病毒
computer-assisted instruction(cai)计算机辅助教学
concentrate one's attention on 关注
contaminate the environment污染环境
contribute to 对....又益
cradle of culture文化摇篮
create a healthy cultural environment创造一种和谐的生态环境
create more opportunities for education 为教育创造更多的机会
create the course of 开创....的历程
critical thinking 逻辑思维
cross-cultural communication跨文化交流
Cultivate a strong sense of responsibility 培养强烈的责任感
Cultivate the spirit of teamwork培养团队合作精神
Culture-related facilities for public use公共文化基础设施
Curriculum课程
Cut down expenditure减少开支
Cyberspace网络窨